Interferon production by Viral, Bacterial &amp; Yeast system: A comparative overview in 2023

Raghuvanshi, V. K.; Yadav, Pramod; Ali, Selman A.

doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110340

International Immunopharmacology

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110340

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Interferon production by Viral, Bacterial & Yeast system: A comparative overview in 2023

V. K. Raghuvanshi

Pramod Yadav

Selman A. Ali

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Cited by 3 publications

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“…Composed of four α-helices, this 184-amino acid protein has multiple functions, transcending its initial characterization as a B-cell stimulatory factor. Notably, IL-6 has potent immunomodulatory effects, promoting CD4+ T-cell expansion via IL-21 induction and guiding CD4+ T-cell differentiation toward the Th2 and Th17 lineages Figure 3 [31][32][33][34].…”

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confidence: 99%

From Bronchial Asthma to Tuberculosis: Unravelling the Cytokine-Macrophage Axis in Diverse Diseases

Yadav

2024

SOJMCCR

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Cytokines, tiny proteins secreted by cells, play a critical role in mediating communication and interactions between cells. They also function as immunomodulating agents, adjusting immune responses. When released into the bloodstream or tissues, cytokines bind to specific receptors on target immune cells, triggering cellular responses. Cytokines are implicated in various diseases, including asthma, COPD, HIV infection, and multiple sclerosis. This review delves into the intricate interplay between cytokines and macrophages, focusing on their roles in inflammation and the immune response. Macrophages, which are scavenger cells of the immune system, exhibit remarkable heterogeneity, reside in diverse tissues, and play crucial roles in both innate and acquired immunity. They can be activated for proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory functions, contributing to tissue destruction or regeneration. Cytokines influence macrophage activation and polarization, impacting the inflammatory process. Dysregulated cytokine production and macrophage activation are observed in various diseases. For example, in asthma, an imbalance in macrophage phenotypes contributes to airway hyperresponsiveness. Understanding the complex interplay between cytokines and macrophages is crucial for developing novel therapeutic strategies for inflammatory diseases. Future research directions include utilizing humanized animal models, single-cell sequencing, and immunomodulatory therapies to further decipher the intricate roles of cytokines and macrophages in health and disease. Ultimately, elucidating these interactions holds immense potential for improving human health outcomes.

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confidence: 99%

From Bronchial Asthma to Tuberculosis: Unravelling the Cytokine-Macrophage Axis in Diverse Diseases

Yadav

2024

SOJMCCR

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Synovial fluid proteomics and serum metabolomics reveal molecular and metabolic changes in osteoarthritis

Chandra,

Ashraf,

Yadav

et al. 2023

MOJPH

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Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disorder with a complex and multifactorial pathogenesis. Proteomics analysis using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DE) and mass spectrometry (MS) enables high-throughput identification of differentially expressed proteins related to OA. However, the etiology, pathophysiology, and early diagnostic markers of OA are still poorly understood. Methods: Synovial fluid protein biomarkers were compared between OA patients and healthy controls. It was fractionated using DEAE cellulose and Sephadex G-200 columns, followed by SDS‒PAGE and 2D-PAGE for visualization and identification. Mass spectrometry and Mascot were used for protein analysis, and serum metabolite profiles were also investigated using 1D 1H CPMG NMR spectra. Multivariate data analysis, including PCA and PLS-DA, was performed to detect metabolic differences between groups. Results: Proteomics analysis revealed differential expression of synovial fluid proteins, such as serine protease inhibitors, complement components, and apolipoproteins, which may be involved in inflammation and cartilage breakdown. Additionally, serum metabolite profiles differed significantly between OA patients and controls, involving amino acid, lipid, glucose, and energy metabolism. The pathway analysis indicated disruption of the metabolic pathways associated with these metabolites. Conclusions: This study provides insights into the molecular and metabolic changes in OA. Protein biomarkers and serum metabolite alterations enhance the understanding of OA pathogenesis and offer potential opportunities for early diagnosis and disease management. Further validation and translation of these findings into clinical applications are needed for improved OA detection and intervention strategies.

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Interferons as a Potential Therapeutic Drug for COVID-19: A Literature Review of Mechanisms, Current Clinical Trials, and Challenges

Pramod,

Vishal,

Vikas

et al. 2023

J Community Med Health Solut

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The 2019 COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in many fatalities worldwide. Despite various types of supportive care, mortality rates for patients with comorbidities remain high. To explore alternative treatment options, interferons (IFNs) have emerged as promising therapeutic drugs for SARS-CoV-2. This review aims to investigate the potential of IFNs as a drug with details on their mechanisms of action, and available data on their use with ongoing clinical trials, results, potential limitations, and challenges. Recently published research articles, which are systematically searched through online databases, have been selected and found that IFNs have colossal potential in treating SARS-CoV-2 infection by modulating the host’s immune response and inhibiting viral replication and decreasing the severity of disease and hospitalization (p = 0.03, ± 0.05) and (p = 0.04, ± 0.05) respectively. However, due to less available data, more controlled and randomized trials are needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of IFN therapy. The optimal dosing and duration of IFN therapy also remain to be determined. Although further research is needed the wait for ongoing clinical trial results under investigation is also important for a better understanding of IFN therapy.

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Interferon production by Viral, Bacterial & Yeast system: A comparative overview in 2023

Cited by 3 publications

References 38 publications

From Bronchial Asthma to Tuberculosis: Unravelling the Cytokine-Macrophage Axis in Diverse Diseases

From Bronchial Asthma to Tuberculosis: Unravelling the Cytokine-Macrophage Axis in Diverse Diseases

Synovial fluid proteomics and serum metabolomics reveal molecular and metabolic changes in osteoarthritis

Interferons as a Potential Therapeutic Drug for COVID-19: A Literature Review of Mechanisms, Current Clinical Trials, and Challenges

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