Interferon-Inducible Protein 10 and Disease Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

There is increasing evidence of a correlation between interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP-10) and disease activity of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis (LN). We conducted a comprehensive search on IP-10 using MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane electronic databases from the beginning to the end of December 2017. All studies that compared serum and/or urine IP-10 between active SLE/LN patients and any control groups were identified and included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The mean difference (MD) of IP-10 level among active SLE and LN patients, as well as the correlation of IP-10 with disease activity, were meta-analyzed using a random-effects model. From 23 eligible studies, 15 provided adequate data for meta-analysis. Serum IP-10 was significantly elevated in patients with active SLE compared to non-active SLE patients (MD 356.5 pg/mL, 95% CI 59.6 to 653.4, p = 0.019). On the other hand, the levels of serum IP-10 was not different between active LN and non-active LN. However, serum IP-10 was positively correlated with disease activity like SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI) (pooled r = 0.29, 95% CI 0.22 to 0.35, p < 0.001). Furthermore, urine IP-10 tended to be higher in patients with active LN compared to non-active LN patients but this did not reach statistical significance (MD 3.47 pg/mgCr × 100, 95% CI −0.18 to 7.12, p = 0.06). Nevertheless, urine IP-10 was positively correlated with renal SLEDAI (pooled r = 0.29, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.50, p = 0.019). In conclusion, serum and urine IP-10 levels may be useful in monitoring the disease activity of SLE and LN. Serum IP-10 was correlated with systemic disease whereas urine IP-10 was a useful biomarker for detecting active LN.

Serum and urinary galectin-9 and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 10

“…3,4 CXCL-10 is a chemokine that is a good biomarker for active SLE; however, it failed to differentiate active renal from active non-renal disease in a recent metanalysis. 5 Of late, galectin-9 was evaluated as an easy to measure and better biomarker than CXCL-10 to identify the IFN signature in SLE. 6,7 Galectin-9 is a β-galactoside-binding lectin that exhibits multiple immunomodulatory functions including apoptosis of activated T cells, inhibition of Th1 and Th17 responses, and promotion of the differentiation of regulatory T cells.…”

Cationic Nanostructures for Vaccines Design

“…(2) secretion of the interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) able to induce a Th2 response (humoral immune response). Figure 3C shows that the uptake of lipopolyamines/antigen complexes in vivo by intraperitoneal macrophages induced secretion of interleukin-5 (IL-5) and humoral immunity plus tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and gamma-interferon inducible protein (IP-10) [71], typical inducers of Th1 response (cell-mediated immune response) by the cultured macrophages.…”

“…The possible toxicity in vivo of the lipopolyamine-OVA complexes was evaluated from or complexed with ovalbumin by cultured human cell lines transfected with Toll-like Receptors (TLRs), leading to 1) secretion of inflammatory and type-I interferon cytokines able to trigger a Th1 response (cell-mediated immunity); 2) secretion of the interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) able to induce a Th2 response (humoral immune response). (c) Uptake of lipopolyamines/antigen complexes in vivo by intraperitoneal macrophages induced secretion of interleukin-5 (IL-5) and humoral immunity plus tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and gamma-interferon inducible protein (IP-10) [71], typical inducers of Th1 response (cell-mediated immune response) by the cultured macrophages. Reprinted from [70] with permission from Elsevier, Copyright 2018.…”

Vitamin D receptor is negatively correlated with interferon-γ-inducible protein-10 in systemic lupus erythematosus with renal involvement

“…10 Previous studies confirmed that the level of IP-10 was increased in SLE patients and correlated with the disease activity of SLE and the severity of lupus nephritis (LN). 11 It has also been reported that VDR agonists could inhibit the production and release of IP-10 in many cells such as T cells, human thyroid cells, renal tubular cells, cardiomyocytes, and pancreatic cells. [12][13][14] However, no previous study has investigated the relationship between VDR and cytokine IP-10 in SLE.…”