Interference of Meloidogyne javanica in the reproduction of Pratylenchus brachyurus in soybean cultivar BRS/MT pintado

Abstract

Root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne spp., and the root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus brachyurus, are the most common phytoparasites in soybean crop, which usually occur in association in crop areas. However, few studies were conducted on the interaction between these parasites. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the interference of the increase in M. javanica population in the reproduction of P. brachyurus, and the effect of mixed populations on soybean (cultivar BRS/MT Pintado) development. The experiment consisted in inoculating a population of 1000 specimens of P. brachyurus per plant Fontana, L.F.; Arieira, c.r.d.; Abe1, V.H.F.; Severino, J.J.; Arieira, J.O.; Monteiro, R.N.F. Interference of Meloidogyne javanica in the reproduction of Pratylenchus brachyurus in soybean cultivar BRS/MT pintado. Summa Phytopathologica, v.44, n.2, p.143-147, 2018. and changing the inoculum level of M. javanica, using zero, 1000, 2000 and 4000 eggs, in two different periods. After 65 days of inoculation, the increase in the initial population of M. javanica reduced by 79 and 73% the final population of P. brachyurus in the different experiments. However, both species significantly increased their populations. When subjected to the same inoculum level, M. javanica was more efficient in reproducing than P. brachyurus. The increase in the number of nematodes reduced the vegetative growth of the plant. Keywords: Glycine max, interactions, root-knot nematodes, root-lesion nematodes, mixed populationsSoybean is the most important oilseed crop in the world and has increased in percentage more than the major grain crops, particularly because its market has obtained a solid structure worldwide, the plant has been recognized as an important source of vegetable protein and technology has been generated, allowing the crop expansion to different regions of the world (17).Although soybean planted areas and productivity have continuously grown, maximum yield potential (4000 kg/ha) is hard to obtain in most countries. The main factors that limit the yield, the profitability and the success of soybean production are diseases, including nematodes which cause significant losses to the Brazilian production, varying from slight to complete (100%) (2, 11).Species of Meloidogyne, particularly Meloidogyne javanica (Treub) Chitwood and M. incognita (Kofoid and White) Chitwood, represent a serious problem in soybean producing regions (18). Data on specific yield losses caused by these two species are common and vary among the different crop areas or regions (1), reaching up to 40% in low fertility sandy soils.Another nematode that has a significant impact on Brazilian soybean production is Pratylenchus brachyurus (Godfrey) Filipjev and Schuurmans Stekhoven. It is an aggressive species that heavily infest soybean producing areas (5, 18). Crop losses caused by this nematode are estimated to range from 10 to 30% of the production potential, especially in areas showing sandy soil and irregular rainfall distribution (5). Nevertheless, declines of u...

Interaction between soil microbiome and nematode activity in soybean crop

“…In this context, soil management practices, such as no-tillage farming, crop rotation, cover crops and organic matter addition, which benefit the soil faunal community (MOURA; FRANZENER, 2017), may increase the yields of soybean fields. On the other hand, the negative correlation between the plant-parasitic nematode diversity and soybean yield may be related to positive interactions between different species of plant-parasitic nematodes in sites with higher diversity, which can result in greater damage to plants (FONTANA et al, 2018; TOMAZINI; GUERREIRO FILHO; MARCELO DE OLIVEIRA, 2021).…”