Interference mitigation in wireless sensor networks using dual heterogeneous radios

Jeong, Yeonsik; Kim, Jong-Won; Han, Seung-Jae

doi:10.1007/s11276-011-0373-4

Cited by 15 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Moreover, these solutions may use a third party devices to implement the proposed techniques which require long period expensive computations to predict free durations or the interference pattern. In addition, hardware design constraints such as: antennas beamforming, multi-radio nodes design, and and Multi-Input/Multi-Output (MIMO) capability [52,62] may limit the usage of the proposed solutions.…”

Section: Standards Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A survey of wireless technologies coexistence in WBAN: analysis and open research issues

et al. 2014

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Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) is the most convenient, cost-effective, accurate, and non-invasive technology for e-health monitoring. The performance of WBAN may be disturbed when coexisting with other wireless networks. Accordingly, this paper provides a comprehensive study and in-depth analysis of coexistence issues and interference mitigation solutions in WBAN technologies. A thorough survey of state-of-the art research in WBAN coexistence issues is conducted. The survey classified, discussed, and compared the studies according to the parameters used to analyze the coexistence problem. Solutions suggested by the studies are then classified according to the followed techniques and concomitant shortcomings are identified. Moreover, the coexistence problem in WBAN technologies is mathematically analyzed and formulas are derived for the probability of successful channel access for different wireless technologies with the coexistence of an interfering network. Finally, extensive simulations are conducted using OPNET with several real-life scenarios to evaluate the impact of coexistence interference on different WBAN technologies. In particular, three main WBAN wireless technologies are considered: IEEE 802.15.6, IEEE 802.15.4, and low-power WiFi. The mathematical analysis and the simulation results are discussed and the impact of interfering network on the different wireless technologies is compared and analyzed. The results show that an interfering network (e.g., standard WiFi) has an impact on the performance of WBAN and may disrupt its operation. In addition, using low-power WiFi for WBANs is investigated and proved to be a feasible option compared to other wireless technologies.

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Section: Standards Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nodes clustering and multi-radio nodes design were exploited in [52] to mitigate interference in Zigbee networks coexisted with WiFi networks. The nodes were grouped into clusters where Zigbee was used for intracluster communication and WiFi was used for inter-cluster communication.…”

Section: Standards Adaptationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey of wireless technologies coexistence in WBAN: analysis and open research issues

et al. 2014

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“…To mitigate interference, several solutions (e.g., [12][13][14]) exist in the literature in the context of general wireless sensor networks (WSNs), cellular networks, and other wireless networks. These solutions are embedded either in the software or hardware.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These solutions are embedded either in the software or hardware. The typical hardware solution is to use dual radios, one for IEEE 802.15.4, and the other for IEEE 802.11, which is used to mitigate interference [13]. The typical hardware solution is to use dual radios, one for IEEE 802.15.4, and the other for IEEE 802.11, which is used to mitigate interference [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interference‐aware MAC scheduling and admission control for multiple mobile WBANs used in healthcare monitoring

Mahapatro

Misra

Mahadevappa

et al. 2014

Int J Communication

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In this paper, we address the problem of interference when multiple time division multiple access-based wireless body area networks (WBANs) come in the proximity of one another. We propose a simple solution that creates common non-conflicting schedule between these interfering WBANs. Our proposed scheme allows the reuse of maximum possible time slots among WBANs that are two-hop neighbors of one another. A flow admission control scheme is applied to control the flows during the period of interference. We show that the percentage of flows admitted because of flow control decreases with the increase in the network size and flow rate. We simulated a scenario where WBANs move randomly within a simulation area with a certain speed and meet at a particular point. We show that the signal to interference noise ratio (SINR) value of WBANs changes as long as they are within the transmission range of one another. Also, we show that the exchanges of common schedule (which is dependent on the number of times the SINR value drops below the threshold) are required in order to improve the packet delivery ratio in WBANs. INTERFERENCE-AWARE MAC SCHEDULING IN WBANS1353 the center and a receiver is placed at the center of the circle. The study of performance evaluation is limited to 16 transmitters and do not consider the scalability of the network nodes with the same topology.In the monitoring system, we considered patients carrying wearable systems and can move anywhere in the hospital. Pulse oxymeter is an example of one such wearable system, which can measure the amount of oxygen present in the blood. Medium access by the devices in such wearable systems is one of the important research challenges due to the shortage of available channels and bandwidth in the medical band. It is observed that slot-based medium access control (MAC) protocols are suitable for improved operation and performance, because such protocols require no additional overhead and data load is uniform across the nodes. In the literature, most of implementations of WBAN use the IEEE 802.15.4 standard or its variant for low power consumption [5][6][7]. It considers a star topology, where each sensor node sends traffic to the coordinator (controller) in their own slot time. In [6], Li and Tan proposed a TDMA-based MAC protocol for a wearable system having few sensor devices such as pulse oxymeter and a coordinator. The coordinator of the wearable system is responsible for scheduling and initiation of transmission of the end devices.Wireless body area networks use the 2.4 GHz industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band for their operation. Because the ISM band is unlicensed, several other wireless devices based on Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and other BANs share the same frequency band, thereby causing fairly high possibilities of interference. The effect of interference is very serious for patients equipped with BANs, because the devices typically monitor the critical conditions involving instruments for measuring ECG, EEG, and EMG. The seriousness is such that the misin...

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Interference mitigation techniques for a dense heterogeneous area network in machine‐to‐machine communications

Dong

Khan

Javed

et al. 2019

Trans Emerging Tel Tech

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With the advent of machine-to-machine communications, various networking consumer industrial, and autonomous systems exchange messages in the real world in order to achieve their objectives. Parts of these systems are comprised of short-range wireless networks in the form of clusters that collectively cover a large geographical area. In these clusters, the nodes that represent the cluster heads need to deal with two types of communications, ie, one is within the cluster and the other is from the cluster to the sink node. As the number of clusters increases, it takes multiple hops for the cluster head to forward data to the sink node, thus resulting in a low packet delivery rate (PDR) and throughput. To solve this problem, we propose a heterogeneous area network in which the cluster head is equipped with two types of radios, ie, the IEEE 802.15.4 and IEEE 802.11 radios. The former is for the devices within the cluster to communicate, whereas the latter is for the cluster heads to communicate to the sink node. Although the IEEE 802.11 links increase the link capacity, the IEEE 802.11 radio and the IEEE 802.15.4 radio might share the 2.4 GHz unlicensed band, thus giving rise to the internetwork collisions or interference. To tackle this problem and to maintain decent quality of service for the network, we subsequently present two interference mitigation techniques, in which a blank burst period is proposed so that the IEEE 802.15.4 radios can be suspended while the IEEE 802.11 radios are active.Simulation results show the proposed two methods can effectively mitigate the internetwork collisions and are superior to the existing technique, which uses an adaptive aggregation technique to mitigate the internetwork collisions. This is because the accumulated traffic is beyond the capacity of the relay cluster heads, thus resulting in buffer overflow and the significant performance degradation of the WSN.To tackle this issue, we connect the cluster head to an IEEE 802.11 (ie, Wi-Fi) node to form a heterogeneous area network. The IEEE 802.11 standard can be characterized as a high data rate and high throughput specification, which is good compensation for the shortcomings of IEEE 802.15.4 networks. In this work, we adopt IPv6 over low-power wireless personal area network (6LoWPAN) networks as the networks based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard. In the proposed heterogeneous area network, the IEEE 802.11 network serves as the backbone network connecting the cluster heads and the sink node. More specifically, IEEE 802.11 networks have a higher transmission rate up to 400 Mbps (eg, IEEE 802.11n) and a much longer transmission range up to 300 meters compared to 6LoWPAN networks. As a result, these two advantages can help the 6LoWPAN networks handle a large amount of traffic over a large-scale area. It is noted that both the two networks share the unlicensed 2.4 GHz band, so the relatively high transmission power of the IEEE 802.11 network can adversely affect the transmissions of the 6LoWPAN network and cause internetwork collisi...

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Interference mitigation in wireless sensor networks using dual heterogeneous radios

Cited by 15 publications

References 22 publications

A survey of wireless technologies coexistence in WBAN: analysis and open research issues

A survey of wireless technologies coexistence in WBAN: analysis and open research issues

Interference‐aware MAC scheduling and admission control for multiple mobile WBANs used in healthcare monitoring

Interference mitigation techniques for a dense heterogeneous area network in machine‐to‐machine communications

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