Interference and competitive behaviour of the aphid predators,Chrysoperla carnea andCoccinella septempunctata in the laboratory

Şengonça, Ç.; Frings, Bernd

doi:10.1007/bf02372225

Cited by 47 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Reduced food intake by preimaginal stages of predatory arthropods generally has been shown to result in reduced survival, increased developmental time, and reduced adult weight and reproduction (Smith 1965b;Turnbull 1965;Canard et al 1984;Sengonca and Frings 1985;Valicente and O'Neil 1995;Hodek and Honek 1996). For example, Legaspi and O'Neil (1994) demonstrated that nymphs of Podisus maculiventris (Say) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) fed a minimal diet had lower survival, longer developmental time, and developed into smaller adults than well-fed nymphs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Interactions between an introduced and indigenous coccinellid species at different prey densities

Obrycki¹,

1998

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Coccinella septempunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a Palearctic coccinellid, has established and rapidly spread throughout the United States. This quantitative examination of larval interactions between C. septempunctata and Coleomegilla maculata (DeGeer) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), a Nearctic coccinellid, was conducted under controlled prey densities. Larvae of both coccinellid species are affected by a limited diet [one pea aphid per day Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris) (Homoptera: Aphididae)] compared with an excess diet (>20 aphids per day). Larval survival decreased from 86 to 63% in C. maculata and from 84 to 33% in C. septempunctata; mean preimaginal developmental time increased from 20.6 to 26.7 days in C. maculata, and from 18.1 to 32.0 days in C. septempunctata. Additionally, on one aphid per day, mean adult weight was reduced from 12.39 to 9.79 mg in C. maculata, and from 39.57 to 14.44 mg in C. septempunctata. Interspecific interactions, favoring C. septempunctata over C. maculata at a␣low prey density (one aphid per day), take the form of␣reduced survival of C. maculata compared with C.␣septempunctata (14 versus 66%). Reduced survival of␣C. maculata may be the result of competition for aphids or intraguild predation by C. septempunctata on C.␣maculata. No interspecific interactions (measured as effects on larval survival, preimaginal developmental time, and adult weight) were observed between larvae of these two species at a high prey density (>20 aphids per predator per day).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Interactions between an introduced and indigenous coccinellid species at different prey densities

Obrycki¹,

1998

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“…In the pupae, the dense hair cover acts as a protection against ants. The main threats to coccinellid larvae may come from species that exploit the same resources, such as heterospecific coccinellids (Agarwala and Dixon, 1992;Obrycki et al, 1998), syrphids (Hindayana et al, 2001), chrysopids (Sengonca and Frings, 1985;Lucas et al, 1998;Phoofolo and Obrycki, 1998), and pentatomids (Mallampalli et al, 2002;De Clercq et al, 2003). However, little predation has been directly observed toward H. axyridis larvae except by coccinellid larvae Ware and Majerus, 2008) or by the pentatomid bug Podisus maculiventris (Say) (De Clercq et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiny Prey, Fortunate Prey. Dorsal Spines Are an Asset in Intraguild Interactions among Lady Beetles

et al. 2017

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The Multicolored Asian Ladybird, Harmonia axyridis, is an extremely successful invasive species. Here we suggest that, in addition to many other traits, the dorsal spines of its larvae contribute to their success, as suggested by behavioral observations of agonistic interactions between H. axyridis and European coccinellids. In coccinellids, the role of dorsal spines in these interactions has been poorly studied and they could be a physical protection against intraguild predators. Dorsal spines of second instar H. axyridis larvae were removed with micro-scissors, which resulted in spineless larvae after molting (spineless group). These larvae were then exposed to starved Coccinella septempunctata larvae. Two control categories were also submitted to interactions: H. axyridis larvae with all their spines (control group) and with their spines, but injured by pin stings (injured group). Spine removal at the second instar did not hamper H. axyridis development. The bite rate by C. septempunctata was significantly higher on the spineless H. axyridis and more dorsally located compared to the control and injured groups, while no bite rate difference was observed between the injured and the control group. Our results suggest that in addition to behavioral and chemical defenses, the dorsal spines play a significant protective role against bites. Therefore, spines in ladybirds could be considered as a morphological defense against intraguild predation. In H. axyridis, these defenses might contribute to its success in food resources already exploited by other guild members and thus further facilitate the invasion of new areas.

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“…Contrary to classical predation, the organisms involved in IGP do not always have well defined roles; the same organism may be either predator or prey, depending on a variety of factors (Polis et al, 1989). The outcomes of such interactions are usually influenced by the relative size, mobility and density of the organisms, as well as by their feeding specificity and morphology, and by the densities of extraguild prey (Sengonca and Frings, 1985;Polis et al, 1989;Lucas et al, 1998;Hindayana et al, 2001;Lucas, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…According to the classic rule of size (Sengonca and Frings, 1985;Lucas et al, 1998;Hindayana et al, 2001;Sato et al, 2003), it is predicted that the larger syrphid larvae should mostly act as the intraguild predators, while the smaller mirid should serve as the intraguild prey.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intraguild predation between syrphids and mirids: who is the prey? Who is the predator?

Fréchette

Rojo

Alomar³

et al. 2006

BioControl

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The mirid Macrolophus caliginosus Wagner (Hemiptera: Miridae), and the syrphids, Sphaerophoria rueppellii (Wiedemann), Sphaerophoria scripta (L.), and Episyrphus balteatus (DeGeer) (Diptera: Syrphidae), belong to the aphidophagous guild, feeding on aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Mediterranean vegetable crops. The direction, symmetry, and intensity of intraguild predation between different instar combinations of syrphids and mirid were studied in an arena without plants. Moreover, predatory interactions between syrphids and mirids on plants were also evaluated. The results obtained in the arena without plants demonstrated mutual intraguild predation, i.e., syrphid eggs were highly susceptible to predation, whereas mirid nymphs and adults were attacked by syrphid larvae. All syrphid species showed the same propensity to predation, which was unaffected by parasitism of syrphid larvae by Diplazon laetatorius (Fabricius) (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae). Sphaerophoria scripta eggs were less susceptible to predation than those of the two other syrphid species. The experiment performed on plants showed different results. Predation by syrphid larvae on mirids never exceeded 10%, while 100% of syrphid eggs were preyed upon after 48 h. Intraguild predation rates were not influenced by the presence or absence of aphids on the plants. This study demonstrated that results obtained from studying intraguild predation in arenas that are highly artificial should be interpreted cautiously. Depending on the colonization history of a particular habitat in the field, syrphids should be more vulnerable to predation by mirids than vice versa.

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Interference and competitive behaviour of the aphid predators,Chrysoperla carnea andCoccinella septempunctata in the laboratory

Cited by 47 publications

References 12 publications

Interactions between an introduced and indigenous coccinellid species at different prey densities

Interactions between an introduced and indigenous coccinellid species at different prey densities

Spiny Prey, Fortunate Prey. Dorsal Spines Are an Asset in Intraguild Interactions among Lady Beetles

Intraguild predation between syrphids and mirids: who is the prey? Who is the predator?

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