Interfacial Synthesis and Functionality of Self‐Stabilized Polydiaminonaphthalene Nanoparticles

Abstract

A simple and effective template-free synthesis method for nanosized conducting polymers with self-stability and functionality is a main challenge. Herein, a strategy is reported for the facile synthesis of poly(1,5-diaminonaphthalene) nanospherical particles by an interfacial miniemulsion oxidative polymerization of 1,5-diaminonaphthalene at mobile microinterfaces between a stirred biphase without external emulsifiers. The size of the nanospheres was carefully optimized by controlling the polymerization conditions. Formation and self-stabilization mechanisms of the nanoparticles are proposed. The constantly movable and refreshed microinterface is a key to successful synthesis of the nanospheres, for significantly suppressing secondary growth leading to agglomerated particles because vigorous stirring makes as-formed self-stabilized nanospheres instantly leave the microinterfaces. The resulting nanospheres possess several advantages: clean surface, self-stability, redispersibility, semiconductivity, electroactivity, and fluorescence emission. The fluorescence emission can be quenched by specific quenchers, thus enabling low-cost, high-performance chemosensors to be obtained for the sensitive detection of Zn(II) ions in a wide linear concentration range of more than five orders of magnitude with a superior detection limit down to 1 nM.

Synthesis and characterization of reduced graphite oxide–polymer composites and their application in adsorption of lead

“…5g–h) have rough surface compared to RGO. For RGO-P15DAN however, the polymer appears more like an interconnected threadlike structures on the surface of stacked RGO and some nanospheres-like structures were observed, which is consistent with literature reported for P15DAN [33]. For RGO-P14DAA, the polymer appears like nanospheres on the surface of the RGO with little threadlike structure.…”

“…1d), and is centered around 3420cm −1 , which is ascribed to the N-H stretching vibration of secondary amino groups. This suggests that most of the free –NH 2 groups of 15DAN are converted to -N-H- groups or –N= groups after polymerization [33]. The decreased intensity in Fig.…”

“…This can be ascribed to loss of functional groups following by reduction of GO to RGO. It has been reported that adsorption involve the strong surface complexation of metal ions with the oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of GO [3,33]. Oxidation of graphite to GO introduces many oxygen-containing functional groups which increases the hydrophilicity of the carbon surface [9].…”

Synthesis route to regioselectively functionalized bifunctional polyarene

“…The occurrence of self‐assembly of the molecules, as reported in previous studies, is based on the secondary interactions such as strong hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions . The self‐assembly model includes micelle formation in aqueous solution presuming the particles have internally a hydrophobic core and externally a hydrophilic surface . Accordingly, the polymerization occurs inside each core to form a granular nanoparticle.…”

Using aluminium triflate as a co‐catalyst for the polymerization of o‐phenylenediamine and its derivatives

“…The absorption bands between 370 and 430 nm are ascribed to π–π* transitions in the phenazine ring conjugated to the two lone pairs of nitrogen of the NH 2 groups (phenazine has an absorbance at 364 nm). The absorption bands in the range 260 − 280 nm are due to π–π* transitions of the benzenoid and quinonoid structures . However, two small additional absorption bands at 590 and 640 nm in the P(tBu‐ o PD) polymer (Fig.…”