Interfacial Morphology and Bonding Mechanism of Explosive Weld Joints

Abstract

Interfacial structure greatly affects the mechanical properties of laminated plates. However, the critical material properties that impact the interfacial morphology, appearance, and associated bonding mechanism of explosive welded plates are still unknown. In this paper, the same base plate (AZ31B alloy) and different flyer metals (aluminum alloy, copper, and stainless steel) were used to investigate interfacial morphology and structure. SEM and TEM results showed that typical sine wave, wave-like, and half-wave-like interfaces were found at the bonding interfaces of Al/Mg, Cu/Mg and SS/Mg clad plates, respectively. The different interfacial morphologies were mainly due to the differences in hardness and yield strength between the flyer and base metals. The results of the microstructural distribution at the bonding interface indicated metallurgical bonding, instead of the commonly believed solid-state bonding, in the explosive welded clad plate. In addition, the shear strength of the bonding interface of the explosive welded Al/Mg, Cu/Mg and SS/Mg clad plates can reach up to 201.2 MPa, 147.8 MPa, and 128.4 MPa, respectively. The proposed research provides the design basis for laminated composite metal plates fabrication by explosive welding technology.

Natural Fibers as an Alternative to Synthetic Fibers in Reinforcement of Geopolymer Matrices: A Comparative Review

“…The matrix has the basic function of protecting the reinforcement from the external environment, preventing the dispersed material (reinforcement) from coming into contact with acidic or corrosive media, as well as keeping the reinforcement in place and transferring tension to it [ 56 ]. The composite interface is a hypothetical surface without thickness that joins the reinforcement and the matrix by a certain adhesion mechanism, the interphase can be considered as the region resulting from the interaction between the reinforcement and the matrix with chemical and physical bonds ( Figure 1 ) [ 57 ]. One of the main challenges in processing composite materials is to obtain adequate interface and interphase between matrix and reinforcement.…”

Microstructure and characterization of Ti–Al explosive welding composite plate

“…Previous studies have found that collision produces molten metal flow, mixing and element diffusion, which is an important cause of the formation of molten blocks [5,10]. This high temperature and diffusion results in metallurgical bonding of the composite plate [12], at the same time, element diffusion is beneficial to the bonding strength of composite plates [11]. The super-cooling rate of the temperature plays an important role in the formation of the grains in the melted block [3], which causes the grains at the interface to deform, bend and deflect under the stress wave [5].…”

“…The molten metal cools and recrystallizes to form grains, and the formation of intermetallic compounds leads to the fining of grains Xue-jiao Li xjli@aust.edu.cn. [12]. Fronczek et al [15] found that aluminummatrix composites also had fine grain structure, grain refinement is more obvious near the titanium side.…”

“…Fronczek et al [15] found that aluminummatrix composites also had fine grain structure, grain refinement is more obvious near the titanium side. Pei et al [12] found that the formation free energy of the bonding zone was low, which led to the formation of intermetallic compounds such as Al 3 Ti. Al 3 Ti and Ti matrix form a semi-coherent interface, which can improve the bonding strength of composite plate [12].…”

“…Pei et al [12] found that the formation free energy of the bonding zone was low, which led to the formation of intermetallic compounds such as Al 3 Ti. Al 3 Ti and Ti matrix form a semi-coherent interface, which can improve the bonding strength of composite plate [12]. However, Ti 3 Al with higher formability can also be formed at local high temperature.…”