Interfacial characterization of Pluronic PE9400 at biocompatible (air–water and limonene–water) interfaces

Adsorption at the biocompatible α-pinene–water interface and emulsifying properties of two eco-friendly surfactants

“…Hence, the higher number of EO groups in the hydrophilic part of C201 than in H&B will favor more attractive interactions within the adsorbed molecules, whereas a higher compressibility is expected in order to produce the same molar area for both surfactants. Moreover, the values of parameter ε also supported the formation of a compact layer as previously reported for the adsorption of non-ionic triblock copolymers (Pluronics) at the limonene/water interface [28,30]. The adsorption coefficient b is lower for both surfactants at the ␣-pinene/water interface in comparison with the air/water interface [22], in agreement with the increase in CMC values.…”

“…3 shows E 0 values as a function of Levenol C201 and Levenol H&B interfacial pressures. Firstly, the presence of a maximum E 0 value for both surfactants should be noted, which is usually related to conformational changes of the adsorbed layer [29,30]. It is worth noting the increase in E 0 values at high surface pressure values.…”

Formulation and optimization by experimental design of eco-friendly emulsions based on d-limonene

“…A value of sat = 3 mg m −2 was used [10]. The highest limit was set as 5 times the lowest one, so R varied in the range 0.02-0.1.…”

“…They have been used as foam and emulsions stabilizers in industrial applications [8,9]. Recently, the interfacial properties of Pluronic PE9400 adsorbed at the limonene-water interface has been reported by [10] at this interface, thereby being a potential candidate to prevent emulsion coalescence.…”

Subphase exchange experiments with the pendant drop technique

“…Reversibility studies applied to polymeric surfactants showed irreversible adsorption profiles. Contrary to conventional low molecular weight surfactants, polymeric surfactants, such as those based on polypropylene oxide (PPO) and polyethylene oxide (PEO), are largely irreversibly adsorbed [14,28]. Belonging to this family, Pluronics are block-copolymers comprising a hydrophobic central chain of PPO and two lateral and symmetric hydrophilic chains of PEO per molecule that bestow their amphiphilic character.…”