Interfacial characterization of Cu/diamond composites prepared by powder metallurgy for heat sink applications

Schubert, Tim; Ciupiński, Ł.; Zieliński, W.; Michalski, A.; Weißgärber, Thomas; Kieback, Bernd

doi:10.1016/j.scriptamat.2007.10.011

Cited by 253 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Composite properties can then be derived using the Maxwell Mean Field (Hasselman and Johnson, 1987) or the Differential Effective Medium models based on this effective inclusion thermal conductivity. In the cases of Al/diamond Kleiner et al, 2006) and Cu(Cr)/diamond (Schubert et al, 2008a;Schubert et al 2008b), the formation of isolated carbides or a carbide layer, respectively, at the interface between the matrix and the diamond has been observed and is suggested to be responsible for good thermal coupling between the matrix and the particles. For Cu-based diamond composites, the absence of such a coupling layer leads, typically, to very poor adhesion and low TBC.…”

Section: = ∆ Int T J Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, very high thermal conductivities have been achieved using diamond powder-based Metal Matrix Composites (MMC) with aluminium (Molina et al 2008;Edtmaier et al 2009), copper (Schubert et al 2008a;Weber and Tavangar, 2007;Yoshida and Morigami, 2004) or silver Weber and Tavangar 2009) as a matrix material. However, in the case of copper and silver and for production routes not including the sintering of diamonds, the adjunction of an element (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermal boundary conductance of transition metals on diamond

Monachon

Weber

2012

Emerging Materials Research

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An experimental process that was used to obtain a direct measurement of thermal boundary conductance (TBC) between a diamond substrate and several transition metals, deposited by sputtering, is described. Using time-domain thermoreflectance (TDTR), the critical parameters, for a proper interpretation of the results, are evaluated to be the laser spot size and the thickness of the metallic thin films. Values of TBC between Cu, Cr, Nb, Mo, W and diamond are presented and vary between 30 and 280 MW/m2/K. The adhesion of the layer to the substrate is seen to be critical to obtain a high TBC. Annealing in vacuum at temperatures up to 600°C does not significantly seem to change the results obtained. When diamond surface is oxygen plasma treated for better adhesion, the TBC between Cr and diamond is measured to be 325 MW/m2/K. This represents an 11-fold increase compared to untreated diamond.

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Section: = ∆ Int T J Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal boundary conductance of transition metals on diamond

Monachon

Weber

2012

Emerging Materials Research

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“…The major advantage of powder metallurgy over other methods is that small elements with near net shape could be manufactured with dimensional stability, whereas manufacturing of locally reinforced elements from composite materials with excellent surface quality shall be obtained by using pressure infiltration method [6][7][8]. There were certain constraints on manufacturing that imposing unwelcome chemical and thermal properties and some substances reactive with atmospheric oxygen in direct alloying materials that led to use of powder metallurgy techniques which is more flexible than casting, forging or extrusion and achieved improvement in bonding strength, thermo -physical properties [9][10]. By using powder metallurgy route the aluminium, titanium and vanadium particles reinforced with magnesium matrix composites are prepared and results showed that certain improvements in mechanical properties like yield strength, Ultimate tensile strength and elastic modulus than MB15 alloy [11].…”

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confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Investigation of Magnesium Matrix Composite with Titanium Oxide by Powder Metallurgy

A¹

2017

IJRASET

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The investigations of magnesium based matrix material reinforced with the TiO 2 particles with various weight ratios of 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 10% are presented in this research paper. The purpose of this work is to elaborate the manufacturing processes of pure magnesium with the addition of Titanium oxide through the powder metallurgy route. The powder blending was done with the energetic ball and jar mill. The compaction pressure of 650Mpa is given to improve cold compaction. The Sintering temperature of 550 o C and holding time of 30 min was used to sinter the compacts to get better results. The microstructural analysis by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for the starting powders and fabricated samples are carried out for the investigation. The mechanical properties are evaluated and the results proved that improvement in 13.8% ,17.8% and 29% for the density, hardness values and universal tensile strength. Keywords: Magnesium, Titanium oxide, SEM analysis, Mechanical properties, Powder metallurgy. I.INTRODUCTION Composite materials could be in the form of natural or synthetic which combines two or more chemically distinct materials in order to achieve improved properties over the individual materials. Usually matrix is a ductile or tough material and reinforcing materials are strong with various properties and in the form of particles, platelets, whiskers, short fibers, and continuously aligned fibers are combined together to get desired properties, otherwise that was not available in any single conventional material. The incorporation of reinforcement increases stiffness, specific strength, design flexibility, corrosion resistance, fracture resistance, durability and reducing relative investment. The advanced composites are used in aerospace, sporting goods, military and commercial aircraft, etc. magnesium based composites used in space and satellite structures, Antenna structures, Helicopter transmission structures with the reinforcing particles of Graphite, boron, alumina respectively. The composites can be used in thermal management and support systems for electronic packages like integrated circuit materials. Magnesium is useful in manufacturing of electronic devices such as cameras, laptops and mobile phones [1][2][3]. It is well known that the elastic properties of metal matrix composites are strongly influenced by micro structural parameters of the reinforcement such as shape, size, orientation, distribution and volume fraction [4]. The mechanical properties of composites are controlled by the structure and properties of the reinforcements [5]. There are several metal matrix processing technologies available in modern world era. The powder metallurgy process followed by hot extrusion and casting methods is playing vital roles among them. The major advantage of powder metallurgy over other methods is that small elements with near net shape could be manufactured with dimensional stability, whereas manufacturing of locally reinforced elements from composite materials with excellent surface quality s...

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“…Thermal and mechanical properties of D and Cu can be combined to obtain Cu/D heat-dissipative composite materials with thermal conductivity and a CTE that can be tailored with respect to the volume fraction of diamond reinforcements. From this perspective, Cu/D composites have attracted significant interest in recent years [10][11][12][13][14] and are considered as promising thermal management materials with the following advantages over pure Cu: 1) lower density, 2) higher thermal conductivity, 3) lower CTE. The costly aspect of Cu/D composites, of which scope of application has long been restricted to small volume markets such as the military and the aerospace industries, has long been a major limit to their development.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11][12][13][14] In a previous study, [10] we developed a process to fabricate Cu/D composites for thermal management applications without carbide forming additives to bond the Cu matrix to the diamond reinforcements. This process consists of coating the diamond powder with Cu submicronic and nanometric particles before sintering.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Cu Nanodots on Diamond Surface to Improve Heat Transfer in Cu/D Composites

Guillemet

Heintz

Mortaigne³

et al. 2017

Adv Eng Mater

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Diamond-dispersed copper matrix (Cu/D) composite materials with different interfacial configurations are fabricated through powder metallurgy and their thermal performances are evaluated. An innovative solution to chemically bond copper (Cu) to diamond (D) has been investigated and compared to the traditional Cu/D bonding process involving carbide-forming additives such as boron (B) or chromium (Cr). The proposed solution consists of coating diamond reinforcements with Cu particles through a gas-solid nucleation and growth process. The Cu particle-coating acts as a chemical bonding agent at the Cu-D interface during hot pressing, leading to cohesive and thermally conductive Cu/D composites with no carbide-forming additives. Investigation of the microstructure of the Cu/D materials through scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy analyses is coupled with thermal performance evaluations through thermal diffusivity, dilatometry, and thermal cycling. Cu/D composites fabricated with 40 vol% of Cu-coated diamonds exhibit a thermal conductivity of 475 W m À1 K À1 and a thermal expansion coefficient of 12 Â 10 À6 C À1 . These promising thermal performances are superior to that of B-carbide-bonded Cu/D composites and similar to that of Cr-carbidebonded Cu/D composites fabricated in this study. Moreover, the Cu/D composites fabricated with Cu-coated diamonds exhibit higher thermal cycling resistance than carbide-bonded materials, which are affected by the brittleness of the carbide interphase upon repeated heating and cooling cycles. The as-developed materials can be applicable as heat spreaders for thermal management of power electronic packages. The copper-carbon chemical bonding solution proposed in this article may also be found interesting to other areas of electronic packaging, such as brazing solders, direct bonded copper substrates, and polymer coatings.

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Interfacial characterization of Cu/diamond composites prepared by powder metallurgy for heat sink applications

Cited by 253 publications

References 6 publications

Thermal boundary conductance of transition metals on diamond

Thermal boundary conductance of transition metals on diamond

Synthesis and Investigation of Magnesium Matrix Composite with Titanium Oxide by Powder Metallurgy

Formation of Cu Nanodots on Diamond Surface to Improve Heat Transfer in Cu/D Composites

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