Interface engineering of high efficiency perovskite solar cells based on ZnO nanorods using atomic layer deposition

Abstract

Despite dramatically improved efficiency of inorganic-organic metal hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs), electron transport is still a challenging issue. In this paper, we report the use of ZnO nanorods prepared by hydrothermal self-assembly as the electron transport layer in perovskite solar cells. The efficiency of perovskite solar cells is dramatically enhanced by passivating the interface defects via atomic layer deposition of Al2O3 monolayers on ZnO nanorods. By employing Al2O3 monolayers, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of CH3NH3PbI3 (MAPbI3) PSCs is typically boosted from 10.33% to 15.06% on average, with the highest efficiency of 16.08%. We suggest that passivation of defects using atomic layer deposition of monolayers might provide a new pathway for improving all types of PSCs. 1 Instruction Although sunlight is a clean, cheap, abundant, and renewable energy source, it is poorly utilized. The growing demand for cheap and renewable energy sources has led to substantial research effort to invent low-cost and highly-efficient photovoltaic materials and devices. third generation solar cells, halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have a great

Stitching triple cation perovskite by a mixed anti-solvent process for high performance perovskite solar cells

“…Unlike DMF, DMSO molecules have strong coordination effect with Pb 2+ so that DMSO was widely used to retard the crystallization of PbI2 and improve the quality of perovskite films. [5] Using the DMSO solvent annealing process, a mesoporous structure of PbI2 and large grain size of CH3NH3PbI3 were achieved in our precious studies. In addition to strongly polar solvents, some weakly polar solvents (ethanol, acetonitrile, isopropanol, etc.…”

“…[1][2] During this process, most works focus on deposition methods, interface engineering, hysteresis in the current-voltage curves of PSCs and the application of new functional materials. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] In order to make it more conducive to practical application, the degradation mechanism of perovskite in air and the fabrication process of larger sized devices are investigated by a lot of research groups. [13][14][15][16][17] As a result, precisely controlling the growth of perovskite crystals has also become an interesting topic to explore the fundamental properties and growth dynamics of high quality perovskite films for efficient solar cells.…”

“…), solution deposition is a simple and low-cost way to fabricate high efficiency PSCs. [5][6][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Several researches have been reported in obtaining high quality perovskite films based on growth engineering, solvent engineering and so on. In 2016, M. Dar and his coworkers studied the impact of chloride on the conversion of lead halide into CH3NH3PbI3.…”

“…In order to optimize perovskite film quality, solvent engineering, especially mixed-solvent process, was widely investigated. [5][6] Various solvents were employed in the dissolved solution of perovskite precursors, solvent annealing, the solution of iodide methylammonium (MAI) and so on. Huang's group firstly proposed the solvent annealing on organicinorganic perovskite materials in 2014.…”

Reveal the growth mechanism in perovskite films via weakly coordinating solvent annealing

“…It was obvious that a good crystalline PbI 2 film with a rough surface could enlarge perovskite film grains. The better crystallization and greater specific surface area gradually become the desired characteristics of lead iodide precursor in two-step deposition method [21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. However, it is difficult to precisely control the growth time and growth rate of perovskite grains at mesoscopic domains.…”