Interesterified fat or palm oil as substitutes for partially hydrogenated fat in maternal diet can predispose obesity in adult male offspring

Magri, Tatiana; Fernandes, Flávia de Souza; Souza, Anderson Santos; Langhi, Larissa G.P.; Barboza, Thiago; Misan, Vanessa; Mucci, Daniela de Barros; Santos, Raisa; Nunes, Thaiza F.; Souza, Sérgio Augusto Lopes de; Coelho, Valéria de Mello; Carmo, Maria das Graças Tavares do

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2014.09.014

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Several studies carried out on animal models indicated that, during lactation, the consumption of normolipidemic diets, rich in SFAs derived from PO and/or in partially hydrogenated fats (PHF) induces fat retention in the young offspring [47]. In fact, maternal intake of PO and inter-esterified fat (IF) present in processed foods predisposes the offspring to the development of obesity in adult life [48].…”

Section: Palm Oil and Palmitic Acid: Role In Obesity And T2dmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological and Nutritional Properties of Palm Oil and Palmitic Acid: Effects on Health

et al. 2015

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A growing body of evidence highlights the close association between nutrition and human health. Fat is an essential macronutrient, and vegetable oils, such as palm oil, are widely used in the food industry and highly represented in the human diet. Palmitic acid, a saturated fatty acid, is the principal constituent of refined palm oil. In the last few decades, controversial studies have reported potential unhealthy effects of palm oil due to the high palmitic acid content. In this review we provide a concise and comprehensive update on the functional role of palm oil and palmitic acid in the development of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The atherogenic potential of palmitic acid and its stereospecific position in triacylglycerols are also discussed.

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Section: Palm Oil and Palmitic Acid: Role In Obesity And T2dmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological and Nutritional Properties of Palm Oil and Palmitic Acid: Effects on Health

et al. 2015

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“… 7 Many studies in rodents use either animal fat (lard) 8 , 9 or hydrogenated vegetable oil (shortening). 10 , 11 In addition, at least two types of vegetable shortening are used to formulate animal high-fat diets (partially hydrogenated soybean/palm oils or partially hydrogenated soybean/cottonseed oils), which differ greatly in their fatty acid composition. Yet, there are almost no reports of a direct comparison of these commonly used fat sources on the development of diet-induced obesity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of effects of lard and hydrogenated vegetable shortening on the development of high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats

et al. 2015

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Background:Obesity is associated with increased consumption and preference for dietary fat. Experimental models of fat-induced obesity use either lard or vegetable shortening. Yet, there are no direct comparisons of these commonly used fat sources, or the influence of their fatty acid composition, on the development of diet-induced obesity.Objective:To compare the effects of lard and hydrogenated vegetable-shortening diets, which differ in their fatty acid composition, on weight gain and the development of obesity and insulin resistance in rats.Methods and design:Male Wistar rats were fed ad libitum for 14 weeks high-fat diets containing either (1) high vegetable fat (HVF, 60 kcal% from vegetable shortening) or (2) high lard fat (HLF, 60 kcal% from lard). Rats fed normal-fat (NF, 16 kcal% from vegetable shortening) diet served as control. Body weight, food intake, adipose tissue mass, serum 25[OH]D3, glucose, insulin and fatty acid composition of diets were measured.Results:Rats fed either of the two high-fat diets had higher energy intake, weight gain and fat accretion than rats fed normal-fat diet. However, rats fed the HLF diet consumed more calories and gained more weight and body fat with greater increases of 32% in total (158.5±8.2 vs 120.2±6.6 g, P<0.05), 30% in visceral (104.4±5.2 vs 80.3±4.2 g, P<0.05) and 36% in subcutaneous fat mass (54.1±3.6 vs 39.9±3.1 g, P<0.05), compared with rats fed the HVF diet. Higher visceral adiposity was positively correlated with serum insulin (r=0.376, P<0.05) and homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (r=0.391, P<0.05).Conclusion:We conclude that lard-based high-fat diets accentuate the increase in weight gain and the development of obesity and insulin resistance more than hydrogenated vegetable-shortening diets. These results further point to the importance of standardizing fatty acid composition and type of fat used in determining outcomes of consuming high-fat diets.

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“…Therefore, our next goal was to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in adipocyte hypertrophy. It has already been demonstrated in 3T3-L1 cells that palmitic acid increases the expression and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and TNF-α, as well as NF-κB activity in adipocytes [53]. When comparing the effects of different fatty acids on the expression of inflammatory cytokines, no differences were observed among the groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Interesterified Fats Induce Deleterious Effects on Adipose Tissue and Liver in LDLr-KO Mice

et al. 2019

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Interesterified fats are being widely used by the food industry in an attempt to replace trans fatty acids. The effect of interesterified fats containing palmitic or stearic acids on lipid metabolism and inflammatory signaling pathways in adipose and hepatic tissues was evaluated. Male LDLr-KO mice were fed a high-fat diet containing polyunsaturated (PUFA), palmitic (PALM), palmitic interesterified (PALM INTER), stearic (STEAR), or stearic interesterified (STEAR INTER) fats for 16 weeks. The expression of genes and protein levels involved in lipid metabolism and inflammatory processes in liver and white adipose tissue was determined by quantitative RT-PCR and by Western blot, respectively. The infiltration of inflammatory cells in hepatic and adipose tissues was determined by eosin and hematoxylin, while liver collagen content was determined by Sirius Red staining. Both interesterified fats increased liver collagen content and JNK phosphorylation. Additionally, the STEAR INTER group developed nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) associated with higher neutrophil infiltration. PALM INTER induced adipose tissue expansion and enlargement of adipocytes. Furthermore, PALM INTER triggered increased IKK phosphorylation and TNFα protein content, conditions associated with the upstream activation of the NFkB signaling pathway. STEAR INTER induced NASH, while PALM INTER triggered hepatic fibrosis and adipocyte hypertrophy with inflammatory response in LDLr-KO mice.

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Interesterified fat or palm oil as substitutes for partially hydrogenated fat in maternal diet can predispose obesity in adult male offspring

Cited by 28 publications

References 30 publications

Biological and Nutritional Properties of Palm Oil and Palmitic Acid: Effects on Health

Biological and Nutritional Properties of Palm Oil and Palmitic Acid: Effects on Health

A comparison of effects of lard and hydrogenated vegetable shortening on the development of high-fat diet-induced obesity in rats

Interesterified Fats Induce Deleterious Effects on Adipose Tissue and Liver in LDLr-KO Mice

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