Interday variation and effect of transportation on indirect blood pressure measurements, plasma endothelin-1 and serum cortisol in Standardbred and Icelandic horses

Söder, Josefin; Bröjer, Johan; Nostell, Katarina

doi:10.1186/1751-0147-54-37

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Mean arterial, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure was measured with the horse in confinement of the box stall, using an indirect oscillometric device HDO with the cuff applied to the middle of the coccygeal artery. This device had previously been evaluated for use in horses . Blood pressure measurements were collected using the guidelines stated by Brown et al .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of insulin infusion on heart rate and systemic blood pressure in horses with equine metabolic syndrome

Nostell

Lindåse

Edberg

et al. 2019

Equine Veterinary Journal

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Summary Background There is little evidence that horses with equine metabolic syndrome (EMS) have higher resting blood pressures than horses with normal insulin sensitivity. However, there are indications that EMS horses have an altered dynamic response to the cardiovascular effects of insulin. Objectives To examine heart rate and the systemic blood pressure response in EMS and control horses during insulin infusion. Study design Cross‐sectional study. Methods Horses were examined with an oral sugar test (OST) and a euglycaemic hyperinsulinaemic clamp (EHC). Based on the results from the OST, the horses were classified as either EMS or control. Blood pressure was measured before the start of the EHC and at 60, 120 and 180 min of the EHC. Results There were 16 EMS and 12 control horses. Mean resting heart rate was higher for EMS horses compared with control (35.6 ± 5.1 vs. 30.3 ± 3.5 beats/min). Systolic, diastolic and mean arterial blood pressure did not differ between groups at the start of the EHC. Blood pressure decreased gradually during the EHC in the control group, whereas the EMS group showed no decline in systolic, diastolic or mean arterial pressure. Main limitations Limited number of horses. Conclusions Horses with EMS have cardiovascular changes that affect resting heart rate and systemic blood pressure during insulin infusion.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of insulin infusion on heart rate and systemic blood pressure in horses with equine metabolic syndrome

Nostell

Lindåse

Edberg

et al. 2019

Equine Veterinary Journal

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“…Mean arterial- (MAP), systolic-, and diastolic blood pressure was measured with the horse in confinement of the box stall, using an indirect oscillometric device; HDO (Memo Diagnostic High Definition Oscillometry Monitor, horse model, S + B medVET GmbH, Babenhausen, Germany) applied to the middle of the coccygeal artery. This device has previously been evaluated for use in horses [ 15 – 17 ]. Five consecutive measurements were made.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Blood pressure in Warmblood horses before and during a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp

2016

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BackgroundInsulin resistance (IR) in humans is related to hypertension and impaired vasodilation. Insulin administration has been shown to lower blood pressure both in insulin resistant as well as in insulin sensitive individuals. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between insulin sensitivity and alterations in blood pressure in healthy horses before and after a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (EHC). A 3-h EHC was performed in 13 healthy horses (11 mares, 2 geldings). Blood samples for measurement of plasma glucose and insulin were collected before the start of the EHC, every 10 min during the EHC and immediately after the EHC. Mean, systolic- and diastolic blood pressure was measured before and during the final 10 min of the EHC using an indirect high-definition oscillometric monitor (HDO, horse model) applied to the middle of the coccygeal artery. Five consecutive measurements were made in each horse and on each occasion. Insulin and glucose data from the EHC were used to calculate the mean rate of glucose disposal per unit of insulin during steady state (M/I ratio). Insulin resistance was defined as a M/I ratio <5 mg/kg/min/mUL (Lindåse et al. in Am J Vet Res 77:300–309, 2016).ResultsInsulin administration decreased systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure in all horses. The M/I ratio for all horses was negatively correlated with the decrease in systolic blood pressure (r2 = 0.55, P = 0.004) and mean arterial pressure (r2 = 0.31, P = 0.048) but not diastolic blood pressure (r2 = 0.12, P = 0.26). Eight horses were defined as insulin resistant (IR) and five horses had normal insulin sensitivity. The five horses with normal insulin sensitivity showed a greater decrease in systolic blood pressure (−17.0 ± 7.4 vs. −3.4 ± 4.6 mmHg, P = 0.001) and MAP (19.2 ± 14.7 vs. 6.9 ± 8.7 mmHg, P = 0.04) than IR horses. There was no difference in the decrease in diastolic blood pressure between groups (16 ± 12.8 vs. 8.9 ± 12.1 mmHg, P = 0.17).ConclusionsThis study indicates that there is a relationship between insulin sensitivity and systolic and MAP in horses. However, studies on a larger number of horses are needed to confirm this association.

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“…Although it is unknown whether breed is a modifier of CORT, Söder et al [33] reported significantly lower CORT levels in Icelandic horses compared to Standardbred horses. However, these variations were not only attributed to the genetic configuration.…”

Section: Breedmentioning

confidence: 99%

Action Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Characteristics of Cortisol in Horses

Ambrojo¹,

Corzano²,

Poggi³

2018

Corticosteroids

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Cortisol (CORT), also known as stress hormone, plays a vital role in physiological processes such as electrolyte and fluid balance, cardiovascular homeostasis, carbohydrate, protein and lipid metabolism, immune and inflammatory responses, and sexual development and reproduction. Cortisol levels are influenced by various physiological factors such as race, age, circadian rhythm, seasonality, exercise and pregnancy. Also, some stressful conditions including isolation or transport, among others, modify levels of this hormone in the body. Excesses or deficiencies of cortisol cause important clinical problems such as Cushing's and Addison's syndromes, which contribute substantially to morbidity in equine medicine. Thus, in this review, we will develop the mechanisms of synthesis and regulation, as well as the physiological factors involved and the most important diseases related to the alteration of cortisol secretion in horses and foals.

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Interday variation and effect of transportation on indirect blood pressure measurements, plasma endothelin-1 and serum cortisol in Standardbred and Icelandic horses

Cited by 16 publications

References 38 publications

The effect of insulin infusion on heart rate and systemic blood pressure in horses with equine metabolic syndrome

The effect of insulin infusion on heart rate and systemic blood pressure in horses with equine metabolic syndrome

Blood pressure in Warmblood horses before and during a euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp

Action Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Characteristics of Cortisol in Horses

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