Intercalibration of ecotoxicity testing protocols with Artemia franciscana

Manfra, Loredana; Savorelli, F.; Lorenzo, Bianca Di; Libralato, Giovanni; Comin, Stefano; Conti, Daniela; Floris, B.; Francese, M.; Gallo, M.; Gartner, I.; Guida, Marco; Leoni, T.; Marino, Gabriela Inés; Martelli, Felipe; Palazzi, D.; Prato, Ermelinda; Righini, P.; Rossi, E.; Ghirardini, Annamaria Volpi; Migliore, Luciana

doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.04.021

Cited by 35 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Besides, our data are similar to 96 h LC 50 values reported for DEG exposed Artemia in Tornambè et al (2012). The results on SDS are within the 14d LC 50 range obtained for SDS during an Artemia intercalibration exercise based on the same method; the exercise was organized in Italy at national level (Manfra et al 2015b). …”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Can Artemia Hatching Assay Be a (Sensitive) Alternative Tool to Acute Toxicity Test?

Rotini

Manfra

Canepa

et al. 2015

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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Artemia sp. is extensively used in ecotoxicity testing, despite criticisms inherent to both acute and long-term tests. Alternative endpoints and procedures should be considered to support the use of this biological model. The hatching process comprises several developmental steps and the cyst hatchability seems acceptable as endpoint criterion. In this study, we assessed the reliability of the hatching assay on A. franciscana by comparing with acute and long-term mortality tests, using two chemicals: Diethylene Glycol (DEG), Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate (SDS). Both DEG and SDS tests demonstrated a dose dependent hatching inhibition. The hatching test resulted more sensitive than acute mortality test and less sensitive than the long-term one. Results demonstrate the reliability and high sensitivity of this hatching assay on a short time lag and support its useful application in first-tier risk assessment procedures.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Can Artemia Hatching Assay Be a (Sensitive) Alternative Tool to Acute Toxicity Test?

Rotini

Manfra

Canepa

et al. 2015

Bull Environ Contam Toxicol

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“…The most recent paper by Rotini et al (2015) compared the results of hatching, acute mortality and chronic mortality tests on DEG and SDS ranking the endpoints as follows: acute mortality < hatchability < chronic mortality. The protocol described in Rotini et al (2015) was intercalibrated at Italian level between 2006-2009 involving eleven laboratories to ring toxicity tests with A. franciscana using CuSO 4 as reference toxicant (Manfra et al, 2015b).…”

Section: Acute Cyst Hatching Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Between 2006-2009, the 24 h mortality test with A. franciscana was intercalibrated together hatching assay (Manfra et al, 2015b). Three inter-comparison results constituted the dataset for calculating the 24 h LC 50 mean and the repeatability/reproducibility coefficients on CuSO 4 .…”

Section: Acute Mortality Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of toxicity testing protocols and endpoints with Artemia spp.

Libralato

Prato

Migliore

et al. 2016

Ecological Indicators

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Artemia spp. is an historically popular biological model still requiring an official internationally based standardization. Several endpoints are currently available. Short-term acute endpoints include biomarker (acetylcholinesterase; heat stress proteins; lipid peroxidation; thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; thioredoxin reductase; glutathione-peroxidase; glutathione S-transferase; glutathione reductase; aldehyde dehydrogenase; and adenylpyrophosphatase and Fluotox), hatching (dry biomass, morphological disorders and size), behavioral (swimming speed and path length), teratogenicity (growth), and immobilization (meaning mortality after 5-30 s observation). Long-term chronic tests focus on growth, reproduction and survival or mortality after 7-28 d exposure from larval to adulthood stage. We analyzed each test looking at its endpoint, toxicant and experimental design including replicates, exposure time, number of exposed cysts or organisms and their relative life stage, exposure conditions during hatching and testing (salinity, pH, light intensity, aeration dilution media, and food supply), type of testing chambers, and quality assurance and quality control criteria. Similarities and differences between the identified approaches were highlighted. Results evidenced that hatching 24 h short-term and 14 d longterm mortality are the most promising Artemia spp. protocols that should go forward with international standardization.

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“…is widely used as a test organism in a large number of ecotoxicology studies [10,7,14]. Short-term toxicity tests are the most common among studies and, usually, they include various endpoints such as survival, hatching, and behavioral patterns [24]. The majority of cyst-based toxicity assays on Artemia refer to a well-accepted endpoint as a criterion, which is known as the mortality of recently hatched nauplii (instar II-III stage) [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before the actual toxicity tests, a "preliminary" test was performed (data not shown), in order to determine the "critical range" for each toxicant and exposure time [10]. For estimating LC 50 of SDS, the solutions used were 7, 8, 9, 10, and 12 ppm for all three exposure periods (24,48 Acute mortality tests were performed in multi-well plates (4 × 6 wells, Greiner CELLSTAR ® ). In each well/replicate, 1 mL of each solution was placed and 10 Artemia nauplii (Instar I-II) were transferred with a micropipette, whereas control wells contained only SSW and nauplii.…”

Section: Acute Mortality Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality and Effect on Growth of Artemia franciscana Exposed to Two Common Organic Pollutants

Ekonomou

Lolas

Castritsi-Catharios

et al. 2019

Water

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Acute toxicity and inhibition on growth of Artemia franciscana nauplii (Instar I-II) after exposure to the reference toxicants bisphenol a (BPA) and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were studied. LC 50 values were calculated and differences in body growth were recorded after 24, 48, and 72 h of exposure to the toxicants. The results indicated that BPA had lower toxicity than SDS. Development of the nauplii was clearly influenced by duration of exposure. Growth inhibition was detected for both toxicants. Abnormal growth of the central eye of several Artemia nauplii after 72 h of exposure to BPA was also detected. Our results indicate that growth inhibition could be used as a valid endpoint for toxicity studies.

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Intercalibration of ecotoxicity testing protocols with Artemia franciscana

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

Can Artemia Hatching Assay Be a (Sensitive) Alternative Tool to Acute Toxicity Test?

Can Artemia Hatching Assay Be a (Sensitive) Alternative Tool to Acute Toxicity Test?

A review of toxicity testing protocols and endpoints with Artemia spp.

Mortality and Effect on Growth of Artemia franciscana Exposed to Two Common Organic Pollutants

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