Intercalation strategies in clay/polymer hybrids

Influence of intercalation methods in properties of Clay and carbon nanotube and high density polyethylene nanocomposites

“…When carbon nanotubes are incorporated, electrically and thermally conductive polymer composites can be produced, and at the same time reinforcement can be obtained 3,4 . Recently, it is possible to find in the literature a route of nanocomposites production which combine clays, carbon nanotubes and polymeric matrices [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] . Two different route was observed: 1) carbon nanotubes are synthesized (usually by chemical vapor deposition) on clay surfaces which are subsequently incorporated into polymer matrixes 7,8,11 , 2) clays and carbon nanotubes are incorporated separately into polymer matrixes 5,6,9,10,12 .…”

A Novel and Facile Nanoclay Aerogel Masterbatch toward Exfoliated Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites through a Melt-Mixing Process

“…It could be attributed that intercalation had taken place during the preparation of the nanoclay gel from the driving force of the water-swollen clay, which generated the positive entropy [47][48][49]. Moreover, the enthalpic driving force occurred from the interactions from the hydrogen bonding between the hydroxyl and ether oxygen groups of PEG, water molecules, and Si-O-Si on the clay surfaces [12,50]. Numerous studies have reported similar results based on the intercalated PEG/clay nanocomposites, such as Zampori et al [30], Finocchio et al [31], Clegg et al [50], and Campbell et al [36].…”

“…e key to the property enhancement of polymerclay nanocomposites is to accomplish exfoliated layered silicate with homogeneous dispersion in the polymer matrix [1][2][3][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. A hot-melt extrusion process has been widely used to prepare polymer-clay nanocomposites in the industrial production because it is simple and environmentally friendly [17].…”

“…A number of previous research studies have reported that the nanocomposites prepared from melt mixing seemed to only have success with partially exfoliated morphologies [2,10,12,16,17,20,[23][24][25][26][27].…”

“…According to the reports of Zampori et al [30], Finocchio et al [31], and Belova et al [32], PEG with the MW of 1500 (PEG1500) was used as a nonionic surfactant to prepare the organoclays. e PEG-intercalated clay had the ability to modify the clay's surface to be organophilic due to the interaction between the oxygen atoms of the PEG molecule and sodium cations dwelling in the interlayers of the layered silicate and between the PEG molecule and nanoclay surface via hydrogen bonding; hence, the long tails of the PEG molecular chain were able to interact with the organic polymer [12,15,33,34]. is process was similar to the conventional preparation of organoclay using small molecules of polar polymers instead of the general surfactant.…”