Interannual variation in the thermal structure of clear and colored lakes

Snucins, Ed; Gunn, John M.

doi:10.4319/lo.2000.45.7.1639

Cited by 195 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Warmer winters, modest ice cover, and earlier springs likely contribute to earlier stratification and shallower mixed layers than in cool climates. Warm summers also contribute to shallow mixing and strong metalimnetic thermal gradients (Snucins and Gunn 2000).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and oxygen in Missouri reservoirs

Jones

Knowlton

Obrecht

et al. 2011

Lake and Reservoir Management

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature and oxygen in Missouri reservoirs

Jones

Knowlton

Obrecht

et al. 2011

Lake and Reservoir Management

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“…Water transparency regulates the attenuation of sunlight in the water column and thus the nature of these vertical temperature gradients. This is particularly true in small lakes and ponds less than about 500 ha (Fee et al 1996;Snucins and Gunn 2000). Increased water transparency tends to result in deeper surface mixed layers and more gradual changes in temperature with depth (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 96%

Toward a more comprehensive theory of zooplankton diel vertical migration: Integrating ultraviolet radiation and water transparency into the biotic paradigm

Williamson

Fischer

Bollens

et al. 2011

Limnology & Oceanography

185

202

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The current prevailing theory of diel vertical migration (DVM) of zooplankton is focused largely on two biotic drivers: food and predation. Yet recent evidence suggests that abiotic drivers such as damaging ultraviolet (UV) radiation and temperature are also important. Here we integrate current knowledge on the effects of abiotic factors on DVM with the current biologically based paradigm to develop a more comprehensive framework for understanding DVM in zooplankton. We focus on ''normal'' (down during the day, up at night) DVM of holoplanktonic, primarily herbivorous zooplankton. This new transparency-regulator hypothesis differentiates between structural drivers, such as temperature and food, that vary little over a 24-h period and dynamic drivers, such as damaging UV radiation and visual predation, that show strong variation over a 24-h period. This hypothesis emphasizes the central role of water transparency in regulating these major drivers of DVM. In less transparent systems, temperature and food are often optimal in the surface waters, visual predators are abundant, and UV radiation levels are low. In contrast, in more transparent systems, vertical thermal gradients tend to be more gradual, food quality and quantity are higher in deeper waters, and visual predator abundance is often lower and damaging UV radiation higher in the surface waters. This transparency-regulator hypothesis provides a more versatile theoretical framework to explain variation in DVM across waters of differing transparency. This hypothesis also enables clearer predictions of how the wide range of ongoing transparency-altering local, regional, and global environmental changes can be expected to influence DVM patterns in both inland and oceanic waters of the world.Diel vertical migrations (DVM) of zooplankton in the world's lakes and oceans comprise some of the most widespread and massive migrations of animals on Earth. These striking migrations across strong vertical habitat gradients have inspired numerous ecological and evolutionary studies addressing mechanisms of habitat selection and consequences for species interactions. These migrations also have important implications for water quality and fisheries production as well as biogeochemical cycling. Natural and anthropogenic environmental changes, such as shifting local land use patterns and regional to global climate change, are altering water transparency and have the potential to affect DVM in lakes and oceans worldwide. The purpose of this article is to provide a common theoretical framework for understanding variation in the drivers of DVM across transparency gradients with a particular emphasis on recent advances in our understanding of the role of ultraviolet radiation (UV).Many environmental factors are recognized as providing both important proximate cues as well as ultimate consequences of adaptive significance for DVM, including light, temperature, food availability, and predation pressures (Table 1; Lampert 1989;Ringelberg 1993;Hays 2003). In spite of the wides...

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“…Although light attenuates with depth, nutrients can be more plentiful in the deeper, darker hypolimnetic waters, where decomposition outweighs primary production (Cullen 1982;Reynolds 1992;Klausmeier and Litchman 2001). In colored lakes, light attenuation is even more severe and thermocline depths are also shallow (Snucins and Gunn 2000). In response to such gradients, positive consequences for biodiversity are predicted where minimal mixing permits phytoplankton to utilize behavioral and physiological mechanisms to lessen spatial overlap between species (Weissing and Huisman 1994;Clegg et al 2007;Yoshiyama et al 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Spatial overlap in lake phytoplankton: Relations with environmental factors and consequences for diversity

Beisner

Longhi

2013

Limnology & Oceanography

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Opposing gradients of light and nutrients can create a variety of niche opportunities for lake phytoplankton. Theory predicts that phytoplankton vertical distribution should be associated with these gradients as different taxa maximize resource access, while minimizing competitive interactions using niche partitioning. We examined the relationships between spatial overlap (SO) of four major phytoplankton spectral groups with key biogeochemical and morphometric environmental parameters across 52 north temperate lakes. SO decreased primarily with greater thermal stratification, and where more light was available and nutrient levels lower. When greater SO did occur in highly stratified lakes, taxonomic diversity was favored through increased species evenness, but not richness. Taxonomic richness, on the other hand, increased in lakes with greater light availability, coincident with low SO. Similarly, niche partitioning associated with greater functional diversity in the range of traits present in the communities was detected when SO was low in clear lakes. Overall, our results indicate that the ability of phytoplankton to spatially separate and utilize large portions of the water column is important for augmenting species and functional trait richness related to motility and resource acquisition. However, our study also suggests that community evenness is favored when phytoplankton distributions overlap in deep chlorophyll maxima associated with stratified lakes.

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Interannual variation in the thermal structure of clear and colored lakes

Cited by 195 publications

References 23 publications

Temperature and oxygen in Missouri reservoirs

Temperature and oxygen in Missouri reservoirs

Toward a more comprehensive theory of zooplankton diel vertical migration: Integrating ultraviolet radiation and water transparency into the biotic paradigm

Spatial overlap in lake phytoplankton: Relations with environmental factors and consequences for diversity

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