Interactive priming of black carbon and glucose mineralisation

Hamer, Ute; Marschner, Bernd; Brodowski, Sonja; Amelung, Wulf

doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2004.03.003

Cited by 502 publications

(403 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Attempts to rationalize observed variations in the chars' resistance to abiotic and biotic degradation (or "aging") (20,42) will lead to more robust results when they are based on the multiphase model presented in Figure 4. Quantification in Environmental Systems.…”

Section: Environmental Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Molecular Structure of Plant Biomass-Derived Black Carbon (Biochar)

Keiluweit

Nico

Johnson

et al. 2010

Environ. Sci. Technol.

2,419

124

1,222

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Section: Environmental Implicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Molecular Structure of Plant Biomass-Derived Black Carbon (Biochar)

Keiluweit

Nico

Johnson

et al. 2010

Environ. Sci. Technol.

2,419

124

1,222

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“…This suggests that the oxidation degree of charcoal increases over time until it reaches a constant value. The slow (a)biotic decomposition of the O-rich fraction of charcoal (Hamer et al, 2004;Kuzyakov et al, 2009), more microbiologically reactive than condensed aromatic rings (Hammes and Schmidt, 2009), might balance oxidation over time and explain why oxidation reaches a steady state after a long time in soil.…”

Section: Organic Composition Of Charcoalmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On one hand, the presence of BC in geological records since the Devonian and of millennial BC in a range of soils at global scale provides evidence that some persists for a very long time in the environment (Schmidt and Noack, 2000). On the other hand, the content of BC stored in soil is low with respect to annual production rate from wildfires, which demonstrates that large amounts are lost from soil (Schmidt and Noack, 2000;Masiello, 2004;Schmidt, 2004), possibly by microbial decomposition (Baldock and Smernik, 2002;Hamer et al, 2004;Wengel et al, 2006), erosion (Rumpel et al, 2006) or dissolution and transport with water fluxes (Hockaday et al, 2007;Jaffé et al, 2013). The longevity of BC in soil seems to depend on both intrinsic quality and the environmental conditions where it is deposited (Bird et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxidation starts at the surface and propagates to the core of particles over time (Lehmann et al, 2005), promoting further physical, chemical and microbial degradation (Hammes and Schmidt, 2009). The drivers of oxidation can be biotic (Hamer et al, 2004;Wengel et al, 2006) but are mainly abiotic, at least shortly after introduction to soil (Cheng et al, 2006). The adsorption of dissolved organic compounds can contribute to the increase in O content at the surface of BC (Lehmann et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Long term change in chemical properties of preindustrial charcoal particles aged in forest and agricultural temperate soil

Hardy

Leifeld

Knicker

et al. 2017

Organic Geochemistry

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Keywords:Preindustrial charcoal kiln Land-use change Biochar X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) 13 C nuclear magnetic resonance ( 13 C NMR) Dichromate oxidation a b s t r a c t Black carbon (BC) plays an important role in terrestrial carbon storage. Nevertheless, the effect of cultivation on long term dynamics of BC in soil has been poorly addressed. To fill this gap, we studied the chemical properties of charcoal particles extracted from preindustrial kilns in Wallonia, Belgium, along a chronosequence of land use change from forest to agricultural soil, up to 200 years of cultivation. Preindustrial charcoal samples were compared with charcoal subjected to short term ageing in a currently active kiln.Cultivation increased the association of charcoal with soil minerals, which is favored by deprotonation of carboxylic acids under liming, thereby enhancing the reactivity of charcoal toward mineral surfaces. The large specific surface area of charcoal, related to its porosity, promotes the precipitation of 2:1 phyllosilicates and CaCO 3 . Both ageing and cultivation decreased the resistance of charcoal to dichromate oxidation, related to an increase in the H/C of charcoal. Differential scanning calorimetry revealed the presence of three fractions of distinct thermal stability. Saturation of carboxylate groups with Ca 2+ under liming decreased the thermal stability of the O-rich, less thermally stable fraction of charcoal. This fraction decreased over time of cultivation, leading to a relative accumulation of the thermally most stable fraction of charcoal. This might result from the preferential loss of the O-rich fraction or the slowdown of charcoal from oxidation via association with minerals. Our results highlight the idea that land use significantly affects the properties of BC through the modification of soil conditions, which might influence the kinetics of BC loss from soil.

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“…Aliphatic (e.g., lipids, waxes) and aryl (e.g., charcoal) compounds tend to have the longest turnover times in many soils (Hamer et al 2004;Preston and Schmidt 2006), and are often considered to be more recalcitrant than other organic compounds.…”

Section: Recalcitrancementioning

confidence: 99%