Interactive effects of light-sources, photoperiod, and strains on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and health indices of broilers grown to heavy weights

Olanrewaju, H.A.; Miller, W.W.; Maslin, William R.; Collier, S.D.; Purswell, J.L.; Branton, S. L.

doi:10.3382/ps/pez476

Cited by 22 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, we feel that this study has scientific merit without this information. Indeed, there is precedent of publications without breed names ( López et al., 2011 , Oviedo-Rondón et al., 2017 , Olanrewaju et al., 2019 . The emphasis on production characteristics has compromised the ability of modern conventional broilers to cope with metabolic and skeletal disorders.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Note: Comparative gastrointestinal, tibia, and plasma attributes in 48-day-old fast- and slow-growing broiler chicken strains

et al. 2020

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Emerging market differentiation for broiler meat from strains exhibiting a range of growth rates is necessitating comparative research on various physiological and production aspects of these strains. The objective of the present study was to compare select gastrointestinal, tibial, and plasma attributes in a sample of 48-day-old (50 male and 50 female) broilers obtained from fast-and slow-growing flocks maintained under similar feed and management regimens. Eight birds were randomly selected from a fast (B; representative of modern commercial strains) and each of the 4 slow-growing strains ( SG ; D, H, M, and E). The strains differed by estimated time to reach 2.2 kg bodyweight corresponding to 36, 50, 42, 44, and 50 D for B, D, H, M, and E, respectively. Blood samples were collected to determine plasma metabolites, and birds were subsequently euthanized, weighed, and necropsied for gizzard and small intestine weight, jejunal tissue for histomorphology, ceca digesta samples for concentration of short-chain fatty acids ( SCFA ) and left tibia for ash content. Gizzard was heavier ( P < 0.01) for D, H, and M than that for B and E, whereas the small intestine was lighter ( P < 0.01) for B, D, and H than for M and E. There were no ( P > 0.05) strain differences on SCFA, jejunal villus height and crypt depth, plasma proteins, and electrolytes. Strains D, H, and M exhibited higher ( P = 0.01) tibia ash concentration than B; E was intermediate and not different ( P > 0.05) from any strain. Specifically, the tibia ash for B, D, H, SG 3, and E were 1.24, 1.44, 1.43, 1.49, and 1.39 g/kg BW, respectively. The B birds showed higher ( P < 0.01) plasma concentrations of aspartate transaminase, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatinine than SG strains. In conclusion, although B and some SG strains had lighter gastrointestinal tract indicative of energy efficiency, higher circulating plasma enzymes in B birds suggested impaired hepatic function. Moreover, lower tibia ash in B suggested disproportionate body mass relative to skeletal support.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Note: Comparative gastrointestinal, tibia, and plasma attributes in 48-day-old fast- and slow-growing broiler chicken strains

et al. 2020

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“…Previous studies evaluating the influence of photoperiod on broiler meat production have primarily focused on growth performance and yield [7,8]. Several studies have reported a positive impact of the length of photoperiods on growth performance during the starter phase and breast meat yield [10,11,13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The poultry industry has traditionally reared broilers under long photoperiods to maximize growth performance [7,8]. Several studies have identified continuous or near-continuous photoperiod regimes as positively impacting breast meat yield, feed consumption and conversion, and growth rates [9][10][11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Photoperiod Regime on Meat Quality, Oxidative Stability, and Metabolites of Postmortem Broiler Fillet (M. Pectoralis major) Muscles

Tuell

Park

Wang

et al. 2020

Foods

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of photoperiod on meat quality, oxidative stability, and metabolites of broiler fillet (M. Pectoralis major) muscles. A total of 432 broilers was split among 4 photoperiod treatments [hours light(L):dark(D)]: 20L:4D, 18L:6D, 16L:8D, and 12L:12D. At 42 days, a total of 48 broilers (12 broilers/treatment) was randomly selected and harvested. At 1 day postmortem, fillet muscles were dissected and displayed for 7 days. No considerable impacts of photoperiods on general carcass and meat quality attributes, such as carcass weight, yield, pH, water-holding capacity, and shear force, were found (p > 0.05). However, color and oxidative stability were influenced by the photoperiod, where muscles from 20L:4D appeared lighter and more discolored, coupled with higher lipid oxidation (p < 0.05) and protein denaturation (p = 0.058) compared to 12L:12D. The UPLC–MS metabolomics identified that 20 metabolites were different between the 20L:4D and 12L:12D groups, and 15 were tentatively identified. In general, lower aromatic amino acids/dipeptides, and higher oxidized glutathione and guanine/methylated guanosine were observed in 20L:4D. These results suggest that a photoperiod would result in no considerable impact on initial meat quality, but extended photoperiods might negatively impact oxidative stability through an alteration of the muscle metabolites.

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“…Broilers also showed longer TI reactions under LD conditions, indicating higher fearfulness [114,116,123,128]. However, these parameters were not affected in other studies [103,111,112,119,129]. The overall conclusion from these studies is that birds kept under LD conditions have lower adaptive cellular and humoral immune responses than under SD conditions.…”

Section: Photoperiodmentioning

confidence: 56%

Impact of Housing Environment on the Immune System in Chickens: A Review

Hofmann

Schmucker

Bessei

et al. 2020

Animals

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During their lifespan, chickens are confronted with a wide range of acute and chronic stressors in their housing environment that may threaten their welfare and health by modulating the immune system. Especially chronic stressful conditions can exceed the individual’s allostatic load, with negative consequences for immunity. A fully functional immune system is mandatory for health and welfare and, consequently, also for high productivity and safe animal products. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the impact of housing form, light regime as well as aerial ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentrations on the immune system in chickens. Certain housing conditions are clearly associated with immunological alterations which potentially impair the success of vaccinations or affect disease susceptibility. Such poor conditions counteract sustainable poultry production. This review also outlines current knowledge gaps and provides recommendations for future research.

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Interactive effects of light-sources, photoperiod, and strains on growth performance, carcass characteristics, and health indices of broilers grown to heavy weights

Cited by 22 publications

References 31 publications

Research Note: Comparative gastrointestinal, tibia, and plasma attributes in 48-day-old fast- and slow-growing broiler chicken strains

Research Note: Comparative gastrointestinal, tibia, and plasma attributes in 48-day-old fast- and slow-growing broiler chicken strains

Effects of Photoperiod Regime on Meat Quality, Oxidative Stability, and Metabolites of Postmortem Broiler Fillet (M. Pectoralis major) Muscles

Impact of Housing Environment on the Immune System in Chickens: A Review

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