Interactive effects of iron, irradiance and CO2 on Ross Sea phytoplankton

Feng, Yuanyuan; Hare, Clinton E.; Rose, Julie M.; Handy, Sara M.; DiTullio, Giacomo R.; Lee, P. A.; Smith, Walker O; Peloquin, J.; Tozzi, Sasha; Sun, Jun; Zhang, Y.; Dunbar, Robert B.; Long, Matthew C.; Sohst, Bettina; Lohan, Maeve C.; Hutchins, David A.

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2009.10.013

Cited by 167 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…Lowered pH promoted the growth of diatoms and a floristic shift from pennate Pseudo-nitzschia (Tortell et al, 2008a;Hoppe et al, 2013) or Cylindrotheca (Feng et al, 2010) dominated assemblages to communities dominated by Chaetoceros (Tortell et al, 2008a;Feng et al, 2010) or Fragilariopsis (Hoppe et al, 2013). Although Chaetoceros did not dominate the assemblage in one of the studies (Hoppe et al, 2013), a 50% increase in its relative abundance was observed, pointing towards a pH-dependent stimulation of growth for this genus.…”

Section: Ocean Acidification -Ph and Comentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Energetic benefits resulting from lowered pH may be especially important under growth limiting conditions such as iron-or lightlimitation as frequently observed in the SO (Timmermans et al, 2001;Feng et al, 2010;Petrou et al, 2011b;Strzepek et al, 2012). At present, only two studies on SO species have examined the physiological influence of pH and light in combination, finding that neither the exposure to limiting nor to saturating irradiance levels modulated pH-specific growth responses of the Antarctic diatoms P. alata (Hoogstraten et al, 2012) and C. brevis (Boelen et al, 2007).…”

Section: Ocean Acidification -Ph and Comentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Responses of marine microbes to elevated pCO 2 differ among studies. A number of studies conducted in polar waters indicate that moderate enhancement of CO 2 concentration promotes phytoplankton production and fosters the growth of large diatoms (Engel et al, 2008;Tortell et al, 2008a;Feng et al, 2010), while others find it promotes the growth of pico-and nanoplankton (Hare et al, 2007;Brussaard et al, 2013). Overall, differences in competitive fitness among phytoplankton functional groups indicate that exposure to elevated pCO 2 could alter the phytoplankton community in coming decades (Dutkiewicz et al, 2015).…”

Section: Climate-driven Changes To the Southern Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natural phytoplankton assemblages of the SO can be susceptible to lowered pH, both in terms of community structure and productivity (Tortell et al, 2008a;Feng et al, 2010;Hoppe et al, 2013). Lowered pH promoted the growth of diatoms and a floristic shift from pennate Pseudo-nitzschia (Tortell et al, 2008a;Hoppe et al, 2013) or Cylindrotheca (Feng et al, 2010) dominated assemblages to communities dominated by Chaetoceros (Tortell et al, 2008a;Feng et al, 2010) or Fragilariopsis (Hoppe et al, 2013).…”

Section: Ocean Acidification -Ph and Comentioning

confidence: 99%

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Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate

Petrou

Kranz

Trimborn

et al. 2016

Journal of Plant Physiology

113

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Please cite this article in press as: Petrou, K., et al., Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate. J Plant Physiol (2016), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jplph.2016.05.004 ARTICLE IN PRESS a b s t r a c tThe Southern Ocean (SO) is a major sink for anthropogenic atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), potentially harbouring even greater potential for additional sequestration of CO 2 through enhanced phytoplankton productivity. In the SO, primary productivity is primarily driven by bottom up processes (physical and chemical conditions) which are spatially and temporally heterogeneous. Due to a paucity of trace metals (such as iron) and high variability in light, much of the SO is characterised by an ecological paradox of high macronutrient concentrations yet uncharacteristically low chlorophyll concentrations. It is expected that with increased anthropogenic CO 2 emissions and the coincident warming, the major physical and chemical process that govern the SO will alter, influencing the biological capacity and functioning of the ecosystem. This review focuses on the SO primary producers and the bottom up processes that underpin their health and productivity. It looks at the major physico-chemical drivers of change in the SO, and based on current physiological knowledge, explores how these changes will likely manifest in phytoplankton, specifically, what are the physiological changes and floristic shifts that are likely to ensue and how this may translate into changes in the carbon sink capacity, net primary productivity and functionality of the SO.

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Section: Ocean Acidification -Ph and Comentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Ocean Acidification -Ph and Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Climate-driven Changes To the Southern Oceanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ocean Acidification -Ph and Comentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate

Petrou

Kranz

Trimborn

et al. 2016

Journal of Plant Physiology

113

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The diatom Skeletonema costatum also showed no increase in growth during laboratory studies at 800 matm pCO 2 (Burkhardt and Riebesell, 1997), but increased growth rates at 750 matm pCO 2 during a mesocosm experiment (Kim et al, 2006). Feng et al (2010) observed dominance of the large colony-forming centric Chaetoceros spp. relative to the smaller pennate Cylindrotheca closterium regardless of other experimental factors during shipboard incubations under pCO 2 elevated to 760 ppm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Effects of elevated CO2 on phytoplankton community biomass and species composition during a spring Phaeocystis spp. bloom in the western English Channel

et al. 2017

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A 21-year time series of phytoplankton community structure was analysed in relation to Phaeocystis spp. to elucidate its contribution to the annual carbon budget at station L4 in the western English Channel (WEC).Between 1993-2014 Phaeocystis spp. contributed $4.6% of the annual phytoplankton carbon and during the March À May spring bloom, the mean Phaeocystis spp. biomass constituted 17% with a maximal contribution of 47% in 2001. Upper maximal weekly values above the time series mean ranged from 63 to 82% of the total phytoplankton carbon ($42-137 mg carbon (C) m À3 ) with significant interannual variability in Phaeocystis spp. Maximal biomass usually occurred by the end of April, although in some cases as early as mid-April (2007) and as late as late May (2013).The effects of elevated pCO 2 on the Phaeocystis spp. spring bloom were investigated during a fifteenday semi-continuous microcosm experiment. The phytoplankton community biomass was estimated at $160 mg C m À3 and was dominated by nanophytoplankton (40%, excluding Phaeocystis spp.), Phaeocystis spp. (30%) and cryptophytes (12%). The smaller fraction of the community biomass comprised picophytoplankton (9%), coccolithophores (3%), Synechococcus (3%), dinoflagellates (1.5%), ciliates (1%) and diatoms (0.5%). Over the experimental period, total biomass increased significantly by 90% to $305 mg C m À3 in the high CO 2 treatment while the ambient pCO 2 control showed no net gains. Phaeocystis spp. exhibited the greatest response to the high CO 2 treatment, increasing by 330%, from $50 mg C m À3 to over 200 mg C m À3 and contributing $70% of the total biomass.Taken together, the results of our microcosm experiment and analysis of the time series suggest that a future high CO 2 scenario may favour dominance of Phaeocystis spp. during the spring bloom. This has significant implications for the formation of hypoxic zones and the alteration of food web structure including inhibitory feeding effects and lowered fecundity in many copepod species.Crown

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Enhanced sensitivity of oceanic CO₂ uptake to dust deposition by iron‐light colimitation

Nickelsen

Oschlies

2015

Geophysical Research Letters

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The iron hypothesis suggests that in large areas of the ocean phytoplankton growth and thus photosynthetic CO2 uptake is limited by the micronutrient iron. Phytoplankton requires iron in particular for nitrate uptake, light harvesting, and electron transport in photosynthesis, suggesting a tight coupling of iron and light limitation. One important source of iron to the open ocean is dust deposition. Previous global biogeochemical modeling studies have suggested a low sensitivity of oceanic CO2 uptake to changes in dust deposition. Here we show that this sensitivity is increased significantly when iron‐light colimitation, i.e., the impact of iron bioavailability on light‐harvesting capabilities, is explicitly considered. Accounting for iron‐light colimitation increases the shift of export production from tropical and subtropical regions to the higher latitudes of subpolar regions at high dust deposition and amplifies iron limitation at low dust deposition. Our results reemphasize the role of iron as a key limiting nutrient for phytoplankton.

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Interactive effects of iron, irradiance and CO2 on Ross Sea phytoplankton

Cited by 167 publications

References 111 publications

Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate

Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate

Effects of elevated CO2 on phytoplankton community biomass and species composition during a spring Phaeocystis spp. bloom in the western English Channel

Enhanced sensitivity of oceanic CO₂ uptake to dust deposition by iron‐light colimitation

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Interactive effects of iron, irradiance and CO2 on Ross Sea phytoplankton

Cited by 167 publications

References 111 publications

Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate

Southern Ocean phytoplankton physiology in a changing climate

Effects of elevated CO2 on phytoplankton community biomass and species composition during a spring Phaeocystis spp. bloom in the western English Channel

Enhanced sensitivity of oceanic CO2 uptake to dust deposition by iron‐light colimitation

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Enhanced sensitivity of oceanic CO₂ uptake to dust deposition by iron‐light colimitation