Interactive Effects of Age and Brain Disease on Reaction Time

Benton, Arthur L.

doi:10.1001/archneur.1977.00500180063013

Cited by 60 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Correlations between P3 latency and decision latencies, as assessed by reaction time measures, have been reported on several occasions with adult subjects (Kutas et al 1977;N. Squires et al, 1977;Ritter et al 1972) and the age-related increases in N2 and P3 latencies for adults reported here are consistent with reported reaction time increases (Benton 1977). Moreover, choice reaction times for children are reported to decrease with age just as do the latencies of the N2 and P3 components (Hohle 1967).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Age-related variations in evoked potentials to auditory stimuli in normal human subjects

Goodin

Squires

Henderson

et al. 1978

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology

601

211

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Age-related variations in evoked potentials to auditory stimuli in normal human subjects

Goodin

Squires

Henderson

et al. 1978

Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology

601

211

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“…The modified MiniMental State exam (mMMS) (Stern et al, 1987), a measure of global cognitive status and an expanded version (range 0-57) of the original MMS (Folstein et al, 1975), has shown sensitivity to variation in ECT technique (Sackeim et al, 1993. Psychomotor function was assessed with three measures of reaction time (RT): Simple (SRT) (Benton, 1977), Choice (CRT) (Benton and Blackburn, 1957), and Stroop RT (MacLeod, 1991). In each task, median RT for correct response was determined.…”

Section: Study Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cognitive Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Community Settings

Sackeïm

Prudic

Fuller

et al. 2006

Neuropsychopharmacol

469

370

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Despite ongoing controversy, there has never been a large-scale, prospective study of the cognitive effects of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). We conducted a prospective, naturalistic, longitudinal study of clinical and cognitive outcomes in patients with major depression treated at seven facilities in the New York City metropolitan area. Of 751 patients referred for ECT with a provisional diagnosis of a depressive disorder, 347 patients were eligible and participated in at least one post-ECT outcome evaluation. The primary outcome measures, Modified Mini-Mental State exam scores, delayed recall scores from the Buschke Selective Reminding Test, and retrograde amnesia scores from the Columbia University Autobiographical Memory Interview-SF (AMI-SF), were evaluated shortly following the ECT course and 6 months later. A substantial number of secondary cognitive measures were also administered. The seven sites differed significantly in cognitive outcomes both immediately and 6 months following ECT, even when controlling for patient characteristics. Electrical waveform and electrode placement had marked cognitive effects. Sine wave stimulation resulted in pronounced slowing of reaction time, both immediately and 6 months following ECT. Bilateral (BL) ECT resulted in more severe and persisting retrograde amnesia than right unilateral ECT. Advancing age, lower premorbid intellectual function, and female gender were associated with greater cognitive deficits. Thus, adverse cognitive effects were detected 6 months following the acute treatment course. Cognitive outcomes varied across treatment facilities and differences in ECT technique largely accounted for these differences. Sine wave stimulation and BL electrode placement resulted in more severe and persistent deficits.

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“…This test is a modified version of a simple reaction test [23] and consisted of 15 trials where the patient had to respond to light stimuli (red, green, blue lights). On each trial, the patient had to respond to a specified target (e.g., the red light), and withhold responses to any other lights (i.e., green and blue).…”

Section: Neuropsychological Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dementia Accompanying Motor Neuron Disease

López¹,

Becker²,

DeKosky³

1994

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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This study presents a structural and clinical description of a patient with dementia of motor neuron disease (D-MND), and compares and contrasts the neuropsychological characteristics of this patient with those of a group of patients with Alzheimer''s disease (AD) matched by severity of dementia. The D-MND patient as well as the AD patients performed abnormally on all tasks that assessed executive/frontal functions. However, the D-MND patient tended to be more impaired than AD patients on tasks that required high speed decisions and on shifting from one strategy to another. Deficits in memory, language, and lexical-semantic abilities were also apparent in this patient. The co-occurrence of signs and symptoms characteristics of ‘subcortical’ dementia with those of ‘cortical’ dementia suggest that the executive system dysfunction may be secondary to subcortical pathology.

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Interactive Effects of Age and Brain Disease on Reaction Time

Cited by 60 publications

References 8 publications

Age-related variations in evoked potentials to auditory stimuli in normal human subjects

Age-related variations in evoked potentials to auditory stimuli in normal human subjects

The Cognitive Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Community Settings

Dementia Accompanying Motor Neuron Disease

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