Interactive effects of abscisic acid and nitric oxide on chilling resistance and active oxygen metabolism in peach fruit during cold storage

Abstract

Background Cold conditions can accelerate the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and excessive ROS may attack biological macromolecules, disrupt related signal pathways, induce oxidative stress and influence plant metabolism. The cross‐talk between nitric oxide (NO) and abscisic acid (ABA) and the inhibitions by NO or ABA on oxidative damage have been reported in fruits. However, there are few reports about the roles of NO–ABA interactions in chilling stress and antioxidant defense in fruits during cold storage. This study was conducted to investigate the roles of NO, ABA and interactions between NO and ABA in response to chilling stress on peach fruit (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch, cv. ‘Xintaihong’). Results Treatments with 15 µmol L−1 NO, 100 µmol L−1 ABA and 15 µmol L−1 NO + 5 mmol L−1 sodium tungstate solution could reduce ROS content, alleviate lipid peroxidation and enhance antioxidant enzyme activities and antioxidant capacities. However, treatments with 5 µmol L−1 potassium 2‐(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethylimidazoline‐1‐oxyl‐3‐oxide (c‐PTIO), 5 mmol L−1 sodium tungstate and 100 µmol L−1 ABA + 5 µmol L−1 c‐PTIO differentially blocked these protective effects and significantly increased ROS content and lipid peroxidation of peaches under low‐temperature conditions. Conclusions Application of exogenous ABA could increase the resistance to cold‐induced oxidative stress by enhancing the efficiency of enzymatic and non‐enzymatic systems, which were partially mediated by NO. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry

Regulation of the biosynthesis of endogenous nitric oxide and abscisic acid in stored peaches by exogenous nitric oxide and abscisic acid

“…Exogenous ABA can induce NO generation in Arabidopsis , which is consistent with the results in peach fruits during storage. We found that NO can regulate the activation of antioxidant activity induced by ABA in peaches during cold storage and increase plant adaptive responses to cold stress . In the present study, ABA mediated the biosynthesis of NO through the NR pathway.…”

“…Similarly, exogenous ABA application increased ABA levels and improved sugarcane cold resistance . These results may be helpful for reducing the CI of fruits during cold storage …”

“…Exogenous NO or ABA treatment can be effective in reducing CI and delaying peach fruit softening. In addition, NO or ABA can increase soluble solids contents and maintain high levels of peel color in peach fruit . Ethylene is a key signaling molecule in climacteric fruit ripening and senescence.…”

“…Peaches were soaked for 30 min in the following solutions: (i) distilled water (control); (ii) 15 μmol L −1 NO solution; (iii) 100 μmol L −1 ABA solution; (iv) 5 μmol L −1 potassium 2‐(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐4,4,5,5‐tetramethylimidazoline‐1‐oxyl‐3‐oxide (c‐PTIO) solution (NO scavenger); (v) 200 μmol L −1 sodium tungstate solution (NR inhibitor); (vi) 200 μmol L −1 l ‐NAME solution (NOS‐like inhibitor); and (vii) 50 μmol L −1 fluridone solution (inhibitor of ABA biosynthesis). The concentrations of NO, ABA, and c‐PTIO were selected based on previous studies . Sodium tungstate, l ‐NAME, and fluridone were also selected based on previous reports .…”

“…NO is also involved in the ABA‐delayed senescence of cut roses by maintaining moisture and antioxidant enzyme activity . The increased resistance caused by ABA to cold‐induced oxidative stress can be partially mediated by NO in peaches during cold storage . Research on the interactions of NO and ABA has mainly focused on stress responses and antioxidant defenses of horticultural plants.…”