Interactions of probiotics and prebiotics with the gut microbiota

Ballan, Rafael; Battistini, Carolina; Xavier-Santos, Douglas; Saad, Susana Marta Isay

doi:10.1016/bs.pmbts.2020.03.008

Cited by 57 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 167 publications

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“…The site of action of probiotics is small intestine where they are responsible for acidi cation of gut. Acidic medium converts ammonia into ammonium ion which gets trapped into the gut region and never crosses the gut membrane as well as blood brain barrier (Ballan et al 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential of Probiotics –Lactobacillus Plantarum UBLP40 and Bacillus Clausii UBBC07 on Thioacetamide-Induced Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy in Rats

Patel¹,

Shahgond

Thakur

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Purpose: Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) or hepatic coma is an onerous, not utterly understood complication accompanying both acute and chronic liver dysfunction and/ or presence of portosystemic shunting. In HE, hyperammonemia and inflammatory responses are believed to act in synergism. Probiotics, Lactobacillus plantarum UBLP40 and Bacillus clausii UBBC07 reduce small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and hyperammonemia, thereby preventing the development of HE. Methods: The effect of probiotics-Lactobacillus plantarum UBLP40 (107CFU/day, 14 days) and Bacillus clausiiUBBC07 (107CFU/day, 14 days) combination and standard drug-lactulose (2.5 ml/kg in 3 divided doses, 14 days) was studied in thioacetamide (250mg/kg for 3 days) induced acute HE in rats by measuring behavioural parameters, biochemical parameters (serum AST, ALT, ALP and ammonia level), neurochemical parameters and histopathology study in brain and liver. Results: In contrast to only thioacetamide treated rats, probiotics treatment substantially (p<0.001) reduced liver function parameters i.e. serum AST, ALT, ALP, and ammonia, improved behaviour parameters, i.e. decreased motor disruption, improved memory impairment. Probiotics treated rats have also shown a substantial improvement in parameters of oxidative stress, i.e. decreased lipid peroxidation and increased glutathione level in brain tissue and ameliorate the histopathological changes induced by thioacetamide in brain and liver.Conclusions: It can be concluded based on the findings that the combination therapy of Lactobacillus plantarum UBLP40 and Bacillus clausiiUBBC07 proves to be effective in acute hepatic encephalopathy in the preclinical stage and further studies are required to assess this therapy potential in the clinical stage.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential of Probiotics –Lactobacillus Plantarum UBLP40 and Bacillus Clausii UBBC07 on Thioacetamide-Induced Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy in Rats

Patel¹,

Shahgond

Thakur

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…It was confirmed that prebiotics are utilized as selective substrates not only by groups of microorganisms present in the colon but also by microbes colonizing other body sites outside of the gastrointestinal tract (GI tract), which are associated with promoting host health [39,60]. The potential benefits related to prebiotics include shifting gut microbiota composition (e.g., the product of the fermentation process might stimulate or inhibit the growth of other microorganisms) along with the release of microbial metabolites such as SCFA [60,61,63]. Hiel et al [64] evaluated the impact of daily consumption of vegetables rich in inulin-type fructans on the gut microbiota.…”

Section: Modulation By Prebioticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Healthy colonic microbiota is characterized by SCFA production, of which butyrate is utilized as the main energy source for colonocytes, stimulating their growth and also the production of cytokines, which maintain barrier integrity and function [83,[192][193][194][195]. Increasing levels of SCFA in the gut helps to reduce the luminal pH, creating a desirable environment for beneficial bacteria, inhibiting the growth of pathogenic agents, and enhancing mineral absorption, vitamin bioavailability, and barrier function [63,192]. For example, luminal pH alteration can change the bacterial profile of acid-sensitive species and stimulate production of microbiota-derived butyrate by Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Eubacterium as well as Anaerostipes and Roseburia species.…”

Section: Co-encapsulation With Dietary Fibersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Co-Encapsulated Synbiotics and Immobilized Probiotics in Human Health and Gut Microbiota Modulation

Kvaková

Bertková

Štofilová

et al. 2021

Foods

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Growing interest in the development of innovative functional products as ideal carriers for synbiotics, e.g., nutrient bars, yogurt, chocolate, juice, ice cream, and cheese, to ensure the daily intake of probiotics and prebiotics, which are needed to maintain a healthy gut microbiota and overall well-being, is undeniable and inevitable. This review focuses on the modern approaches that are currently being developed to modulate the gut microbiota, with an emphasis on the health benefits mediated by co-encapsulated synbiotics and immobilized probiotics. The impact of processing, storage, and simulated gastrointestinal conditions on the viability and bioactivity of probiotics together with prebiotics such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, phytochemicals, and dietary fibers using various delivery systems are considered. Despite the proven biological properties of synbiotics, research in this area needs to be focused on the proper selection of probiotic strains, their prebiotic counterparts, and delivery systems to avoid suppression of their synergistic or complementary effect on human health. Future directions should lead to the development of functional food products containing stable synbiotics tailored for different age groups or specifically designed to fulfill the needs of adjuvant therapy.

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“…Investigations, designed to elucidate the mechanisms, found that this infection unbalanced gut microbiota through the induction of type I INFs ( 52 ). Conversely, probiotics and prebiotics, which reinforce gut microbiota ( 14 , 27 , 31 , 50 , 96 , 183 , 191 , 217 ), ameliorate the immune system and influenza virus-related damage ( 25 , 177 , 218 , 230 ), suggesting that gut microbiota manipulation represents a tool to treat lung infections and related diseases.…”

Section: Polyphenols and Modification Of Respiratory And Intestinal Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can phytotherapy with polyphenols serve as a powerful approach for the prevention and therapy tool of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)?

Lévy

Delvin

Marcil

et al. 2020

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Much more serious than the previous severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) coronavirus (CoV) outbreaks, the novel SARS-CoV-2 infection has spread speedily, affecting 213 countries and causing ~17,300,000 million cases and ~672,000 (~+1500/day) deaths globally (as of July 31th, 2020). The potentially fatal COVID-19, caused by air droplets and airborne as the main transmission modes, clearly induces a spectrum of respiratory clinical manifestations, but it also affects the immune, gastrointestinal, hematological, nervous and renal systems. The dramatic scale of disorders and complications arise from the inadequacy of current treatments, absence of a vaccine and specific anti-COVID-19 drugs to suppress viral replication, inflammation and additional pathogenic conditions. This highlights the importance of understanding the SARS-CoV-2 mechanisms of actions, and the urgent need of prospecting for new or alternative treatment options. The main objective of the present review is to discuss the challenging issue relative to the clinical utility of plants-derived polyphenols in fighting viral infections. Not only is the strong capacity of polyphenols highlighted in magnifying health benefits, but also the underlying mechanisms are stressed. Finally, emphasis is placed on the potential ability of polyphenols to combat SARS-CoV-2 infection via the regulation of its molecular targets of human cellular binding and replication, as well as through the resulting host inflammation, oxidative stress and signalling pathways.

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Interactions of probiotics and prebiotics with the gut microbiota

Cited by 57 publications

References 167 publications

Therapeutic Potential of Probiotics –Lactobacillus Plantarum UBLP40 and Bacillus Clausii UBBC07 on Thioacetamide-Induced Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy in Rats

Therapeutic Potential of Probiotics –Lactobacillus Plantarum UBLP40 and Bacillus Clausii UBBC07 on Thioacetamide-Induced Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy in Rats

Co-Encapsulated Synbiotics and Immobilized Probiotics in Human Health and Gut Microbiota Modulation

Can phytotherapy with polyphenols serve as a powerful approach for the prevention and therapy tool of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)?

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