Interactions of a medicinal climber Tinospora cordifolia with supportive interspecific plants trigger the modulation in its secondary metabolic profiles

Abstract

Tinospora cordifolia (TC) is scientifically proven immunomodulatory drug being used for centuries. Ancient literature reported that inter-specific interactions change medicinal properties of TC. Thus, the current study is aimed to understand the influence of interspecific biotic interactions on chemo-profiles of TC. To explore it, TC samples collected from six co-occurring plants, i.e. Azarditchita indica, Acacia nilotica, Albezia lebbeck, Ficus benghalensis, Tamarandus indica and Acacia leucophloea were analyzed by HPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS. Mass data were subjected to multivariate analysis. Support vector machines (SVMs) was found to be best classifier (r2 < 0.93). Data analysis showed the specific compounds in all TC due to inter-specific interactions. Data were further analyzed with SNK post-hoc test followed by permutative (n = 50) Bonferroni FDR multiple testing correction. The compound without any missing values reduced the number of variables to 133 (p < 0.01). Statistical analysis revealed that TC having interactions with A.lebbeck and A. nilotica formed the most distant groups. However, TC co-occurred with A. indica showed the highest number of up-regulated metabolites, including jatrorrhizine, chrysin, peonidin, 6-methylcoumarin and some terpenoids. Some metabolites, including jatrorrhizine and magnoflorine were quantified to confirm the accuracy of qualitative analysis. Results demonstrated the influence of inter-specific biotic interactions on TC chemo-profiles, hence its medicinal properties.

Green Extraction of Alkaloids and Polyphenols from Peumus boldus Leaves with Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents and Profiling by HPLC-PDA-IT-MS/MS and HPLC-QTOF-MS/MS

“…, which correspond to the loss of NH 3 and CH 3 NH 2 , respectively. These data agrees with the fragmentation patterns of coclaurine and N-methylcoclaurine [29][30][31]. In addition to this fragmentation pattern, these compounds suffer neutral loss of CH 3 OH, which explain the fragment ion at m/z 237.…”

“…Compounds were identified using the algorithm "Find by Formula" that evaluated the mass accuracy together with the isotopic relative abundance and isotopic separation. All the compounds were identified by the QTOF-MS and the MS/MS spectra acquired with the IT-MS and their absorption spectra in UV-visible region, as well as considering the data provided by literature [6,7,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36].…”

Advances in Chemistry and Bioactivity of Magnoflorine and Magnoflorine-Containing Extracts

“…Numerous plants have been widely used in the traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Tinospora cordifolia or C. chinensis extracts are the sources of several active components, among which a group of isoquinoline alkaloids takes an important place [20,62,63]. MGN, which belongs to this group, together with jatrorrhizine, berberine, tembetarine, and hydrastine became the matter of attention because of its antidiabetic effects [50,55].…”

HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase Inhibition by Major Compounds in a Kenyan Multi-Herbal Composition (CareVid™): In Vitro and In Silico Contrast

“…Some of these components can be traced to the herbal ingredients by a cross-examination of the published literature, i.e., catechin 3-hexoside [22], ellagic acid and ellagic acid O-pentoside [23] have been reported from Acacia nilotica. Magnoflorine is expressed by a climber plant on Acacia nilotica [24], but is also known from a species in Croton. Crotepoxide was reported from Croton macrostachyus [25], tremulacin from Dovyalis abyssinica [26], and mangiferin has been reported from Bersama abyssinica [27].…”