Interactions between Individual Carbon Nanotubes Studied by Rayleigh Scattering Spectroscopy

Wang, Feng; Sfeir, Matthew Y.; Huang, Limin; Huang, Xiaoping; Wu, Yang; Kim, Jaehee; Hone, James; O’Brien, Stephen; Brus, L. E.; Heinz, Tony F.

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.96.167401

Cited by 126 publications

(147 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…We compare these transition energies to the atlas of suspended nanotube optical transitions to assign the nanotube chirality 10 . To account for the dielectric screening effect from the substrate, a 40 meV redshift is added to the transition energies from the atlas 32 identify the three nanotubes with chirality of (20,6), (22,16), and (26,22). They are semiconducting, metallic and semiconducting nanotubes with diameters of 1.8, 2.6 and 3.3 nm, respectively.…”

Section: Nanotube Chirality Assignment From Optical Resonancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are semiconducting, metallic and semiconducting nanotubes with diameters of 1.8, 2.6 and 3.3 nm, respectively. Energy (eV) (22,16) Semiconduting: (26,10) …”

Section: Nanotube Chirality Assignment From Optical Resonancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each spectrum is obtained within 2 seconds using the broadband supercontinuum illumination and a spectrometer equipped with a linear array charge coupled device (CCD). From the prominent optical resonances in the spectra, we can assign the chirality (20,6), (22,16), and (26,22) to these three SWNTs 10 . They are semiconducting, metallic and semiconducting nanotubes with diameters of 1.8, 2.6 and 3.3 nm, respectively.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electron-electron interactions can be greatly enhanced in one dimension. Two types of interactions between doped carriers and excitons were well known to affect excitonic resonances in nanotubes: dielectric screening 26,27 and formation of trion states 28 . Trions will lead to a new optical resonance 28 , which we do not observe in the higher subband transitions.…”

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confidence: 99%

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High-throughput optical imaging and spectroscopy of individual carbon nanotubes in devices

et al. 2013

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* These two authors contribute equally to this work 2 Two paramount challenges in carbon nanotube research are achieving chiralitycontrolled synthesis and understanding chirality-dependent device physics 1-7 . Highthroughput and in-situ chirality and electronic structural characterization of individual carbon nanotubes is crucial for addressing these challenges. Optical imaging and spectroscopy has unparalleled throughput and specificity 8-14 , but its realization for single nanotubes on substrates or in devices has long been an outstanding challenge.Here we demonstrate video-rate imaging and in-situ spectroscopy of individual carbon nanotubes on various substrates and in functional devices using a novel high-contrast polarization-based optical microscopy. Our technique enables the complete chirality profiling of hundreds of as-grown carbon nanotubes. In addition, we in-situ monitor nanotube electronic structure in active field-effect devices, and observe that high-order nanotube optical resonances are dramatically broadened by electrostatic doping. This unexpected behaviour points to strong interband electron-electron scattering processes that can dominate ultrafast dynamics of excited states in carbon nanotubes.3 Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) comprise a large family of tubular carbon structures characterized by different chiral indices (n, m), each having distinct electronic structure and physical properties 1 . They are promising materials for next generation nanoelectronic and nano-photonic devices, including field-effect transistors, light emitters and photocurrent/photovoltaics device [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . Currently nanotube research faces two outstanding challenges: (1) achieving chirality-controlled nanotube growth and (2) understanding chirality-dependent nanotube device physics. Addressing these challenges requires, respectively, high-throughput determination of nanotube chirality distribution on growth substrates and in-situ characterization of nanotube electronic structure in operating devices.Direct optical imaging and spectroscopy is well suited for these goals [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] , but its realization for single nanotubes on substrates or in devices has been an outstanding challenge due to small nanotube signal and unavoidable environment background. Here we demonstrate for the first time high-throughput real-time optical imaging and broadband spectroscopy of individual nanotubes in devices using a polarization-based microscopy combined with supercontinuum laser illumination. Our technique is generally applicable to semiconducting and metallic nanotubes in various configurations, such as on (transparent or opaque) substrates, between contact electrodes, and under top gates. This is in contrast to strong constraints limiting other prevailing single-tube spectroscopy techniques: single-tube fluorescence spectroscopy only works for isolated semiconducting nanotubes 8 ; Rayleigh scattering requires nanotubes suspended or oil-immersed on transparent substrate 9-12 ; and resonant Ra...

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Section: Nanotube Chirality Assignment From Optical Resonancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are semiconducting, metallic and semiconducting nanotubes with diameters of 1.8, 2.6 and 3.3 nm, respectively. Energy (eV) (22,16) Semiconduting: (26,10) …”

Section: Nanotube Chirality Assignment From Optical Resonancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-throughput optical imaging and spectroscopy of individual carbon nanotubes in devices

et al. 2013

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“…[13][14][15][16][17] For example, bundling of SWCNTs produces a redshift of the optical transition energy, and has been understood as the consequence of the mutual dielectric screening provided by adjacent SWCNTs in a bundle, which reduces the electron-electron repulsion in each SWCNT. 18,19 Thus, effective Coulomb interactions between adjacent metallic SWCNTs within a bundle of metallic SWCNTs may be largely screened out, leading to a significant deviation from the proposed TLL state. In the case of bundled mixtures of semiconducting and metallic SWCNTs, the first photoemission spectroscopy (PES) experiment, 20 which evidenced the TLL state, reported the same Luttinger parameter as the theoretical estimate for an isolated SWCNT, which was subsequently confirmed by other group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intertube effects on one-dimensional correlated state of metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes probed by C13 NMR

et al. 2017

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The electronic states in isolated single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have been considered as an ideal realization of a Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL). However, it remains unclear whether one-dimensional correlated states are realized under local environmental effects such as the formation of a bundle structure. Intertube effects originating from other adjacent SWCNTs within a bundle may drastically alter the one-dimensional correlated state. In order to test the validity of the TLL model in bundled SWCNTs, low-energy spin excitation is investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The NMR relaxation rate in bundled mixtures of metallic and semiconducting SWCNTs shows a power-law temperature dependence with a theoretically predicted exponent. This demonstrates that a TLL state with the same strength as that for effective Coulomb interactions is realized in a bundled sample, as in isolated SWCNTs. In bundled metallic SWCNTs, we found a power-law temperature dependence of the relaxation rate, but the magnitude of the relaxation rate is one order of magnitude smaller than that predicted by theory. Furthermore, we found an almost doubled magnitude of the Luttinger parameter. These results indicate suppressed spin excitations with reduced Coulomb interactions in bundled metallic SWCNTs, which are attributable to intertube interactions originating from adjacent metallic SWCNTs within a bundle. Our findings give direct evidence that bundling reduces the effective Coulomb interactions via intertube interactions within bundled metallic SWCNTs.

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Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes by Optical Spectroscopy

Maultzsch

Thomsen

2008

Carbon Nanotube Devices

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Interactions between Individual Carbon Nanotubes Studied by Rayleigh Scattering Spectroscopy

Cited by 126 publications

References 37 publications

High-throughput optical imaging and spectroscopy of individual carbon nanotubes in devices

High-throughput optical imaging and spectroscopy of individual carbon nanotubes in devices

Intertube effects on one-dimensional correlated state of metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes probed by C13 NMR

Characterization of Carbon Nanotubes by Optical Spectroscopy

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