Interactions between engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) and plants: Phytotoxicity, uptake and accumulation

Ma, Xingmao; Geiser-Lee, Jane; Deng, Yang; Kolmakov, Andrei

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.03.031

Cited by 1,034 publications

(552 citation statements)

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“…The type of test media may help. Toxicity tests using hydroponics to expose terrestrial plants do show some toxic effects [97]. In comparison, artificial or natural soils (OECD 208, terrestrial plant test) usually result in little or no phytotoxcity [98,99].…”

Section: Sensitive Endpoints For Soil Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Commonly used endpoints such as germination and root growth have so far shown limited sensitivity to ENMs, even in hydroponic settings [100]. The way forward could include selecting plant species that are more sensitive to ENMs such as mungbean (Phaseolus radiatus), thale cress (Arabidopsis thaliana), and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) [97]. Alternatively, scientists could turn to biochemical or metabolic measurements that tend to be more sensitive, such as chlorophyll levels [97], respiration [100], or nitrogen fixation by legumes [101].…”

Section: Sensitive Endpoints For Soil Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ecotoxicity test methods for engineered nanomaterials: Practical experiences and recommendations from the bench

Handy

Cornelis

Fernandes

et al. 2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

297

236

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Abstract-Ecotoxicology research is using many methods for engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), but the collective experience from researchers has not been documented. This paper reports the practical issues for working with ENMs and suggests nano-specific modifications to protocols. The review considers generic practical issues, as well as specific issues for aquatic tests, marine grazers, soil organisms, and bioaccumulation studies. Current procedures for cleaning glassware are adequate, but electrodes are problematic. The maintenance of exposure concentration is challenging, but can be achieved with some ENMs. The need to characterize the media during experiments is identified, but rapid analytical methods are not available to do this. The use of sonication and natural/synthetic dispersants are discussed. Nano-specific biological endpoints may be developed for a tiered monitoring scheme to diagnose ENM exposure or effect. A case study of the algal growth test highlights many small deviations in current regulatory test protocols that are allowed (shaking, lighting, mixing methods), but these should be standardized for ENMs. Invertebrate (Daphnia) tests should account for mechanical toxicity of ENMs. Fish tests should consider semistatic exposure to minimize wastewater and animal husbandry. The inclusion of a benthic test is recommended for the base set of ecotoxicity tests with ENMs. The sensitivity of soil tests needs to be increased for ENMs and shortened for logistics reasons; improvements include using Caenorhabditis elegans, aquatic media, and metabolism endpoints in the plant growth tests. The existing bioaccumulation tests are conceptually flawed and require considerable modification, or a new test, to work for ENMs. Overall, most methodologies need some amendments, and recommendations are made to assist researchers. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:15-31. # 2011 SETAC

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Section: Sensitive Endpoints For Soil Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sensitive Endpoints For Soil Organismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicity test methods for engineered nanomaterials: Practical experiences and recommendations from the bench

Handy

Cornelis

Fernandes

et al. 2011

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

297

236

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our results indicate that ultrafine MSNs hold considerable potential as nano-carriers of extracellular molecules, and can be used to investigate in vitro gene-delivery in plant cells. Along with developments in the application of nanotechnology from animal science and medical research to plant science research, the impact of engineered nanomaterials on plant systems has attracted increasing attention, the areas including (i) the delivery of fertilizers, herbicides, pesticides and exogenous genes, (ii) the improvement of the growth of plants, and (iii) nanotoxicity research for plant cells [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. However, compared with mammalian cells, the plant cell wall which is composed of cross-linked polysaccharides (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectin) represents an extra barrier surrounding the cell membrane that hinders the passage of nanoparticles into plant cells.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly efficient uptake of ultrafine mesoporous silica nanoparticles with excellent biocompatibility by Liriodendron hybrid suspension cells

Xia

Dong

Zhang

et al. 2012

Sci. China Life Sci.

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The characteristics of the interactions co-cultures of ultrafine mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and the Liriodendron hybrid suspension cells were systematically investigated using laser scanning confocal microscope (LSCM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Using fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeling, the LSCM observations demonstrated that MSNs (size, 5-15 nm) with attached FITC molecules efficiently penetrated walled plant cells through endocytic pathways, but free FITC could not enter the intact plant cells. The SEM measurements indicated that MSNs readily aggregated on the surface of intact plant cells, and also directly confirmed that MSNs could enter intact plant cells; this was achieved by determining the amount of silicon present. After 24 h of incubation with 1.0 mg mL 1 of MSNs, the viability of the plant cells was analyzed using fluorescein diacetate staining; the results showed that these cells retained high viability, and no cell death was observed. Interestingly, after the incubation with MSNs, the Liriodendron hybrid suspension cells retained the capability for plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis. Our results indicate that ultrafine MSNs hold considerable potential as nano-carriers of extracellular molecules, and can be used to investigate in vitro gene-delivery in plant cells. Along with developments in the application of nanotechnology from animal science and medical research to plant science research, the impact of engineered nanomaterials on plant systems has attracted increasing attention, the areas including (i) the delivery of fertilizers, herbicides, pesticides and exogenous genes, (ii) the improvement of the growth of plants, and (iii) nanotoxicity research for plant cells [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. However, compared with mammalian cells, the plant cell wall which is composed of cross-linked polysaccharides (cellulose, hemicelluloses, and pectin) represents an extra barrier surrounding the cell membrane that hinders the passage of nanoparticles into plant cells. To avoid the inhibiting effects of the plant cell wall, free protoplasts (which are prepared via the removal of the cell wall using cellulase treatments) have been used previously to study the internalization of various nanoparticles (e.g., CdSe/ZnS quantum dots (QDs), polystyrene nanospheres, poly(phenylene ethynelene) nanoparticles, and carbon nanomaterials) [11][12][13]. However, protoplast-based transformation methods hold disadvantages in that the viability of the protoplasts and their ability to divide are strongly reduced by the chemicals that are applied to disorganize the cell wall. For this reason, recent studies have focused on intact plant cells; it was found to that they are able to achieve endocytosis to directly internalize single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs), CdSe/ZnS QDs, or poly (amidoamine) dendrimer from the

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“…The effect of nanoparticles on various plant species can vary and depends on the vegetative stage of plants, the method and the duration of being exposed to nanoparticles as well as the size, concentration, the chemical compounds, superficial structure, solubility, shape and accumulation of nanoparticles. Considering the chemical and physical properties, the reaction of nanoparticles with a plant species differs in various stages of growth (Ma et al 2010). Among all nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes, due to their physical and chemical properties such as length, diameter, atomic structure and impurities, have unique chemical, thermal, mechanical, electrical and flexible properties and they have been extensively researched (Tiwari et al 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating of a wide range of concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on germination and growth of castor seeds (Ricinus communis L.)

Fathi¹,

Nejad²,

Mahmoodzadeh³

et al. 2017

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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Carbon nanotubes act as regulators of plant germination and growth and are able to change the morphology and physiology of plant cells. The castor plant (Ricinus communis L.) belongs to the Euphorbiaceae family and is a very important medicinal plant. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 10 different concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) (2, 5, 10, 20, 50, 75, 100, 125, 250 and 500 µg · ml , respectively, and the highest germination rate (53.3%) and the mean germination time (4.6 days) was seen in the concentration of 75 µg · ml -1 . However, no statistically significant differences were found between the different concentrations in any of the germination factors. In the concentration of 100 µg · ml -1 , there was a significant increase in the seedling vigor index I (400) when compared with the concentrations of 5 and 10 µg · ml -1 . The maximum seedling vigor index II (11.3) was found in the concentration of 100 µg · ml -1 and was significantly different from the control and all applied concentrations. The length of radicle in the 100 and 125 µg · ml -1 had a significant increase when compared with the control and the concentrations of 10 and 50 µg · ml -1 . The maximum seedling length (4.6 cm) was seen in the concentration of 100 µg · ml -1 where there was a significant increase with 10 µg · ml -1 . Moreover, in the 100 µg · ml -1 concentration, the largest number of rootlets (8.6) was seen and when compared with the control and concentrations of 5, 10 and 50 µg · ml -1 , there was a statistically significant increase. The maximum wet weight (0.3 g) and dry weight (0.1 g) of seedlings were obtained in the concentration of 100 µg · ml -1 and when compared with the control, there was a significant increase. It was found that in all factors related to the growth of seedlings, the concentrations of 10 and 50 MWCNTs had an inhibitory effect on the response index. The MWCNTs concentration of 100 µg · ml -1 was considered as the optimum concentration in the growth stage of castor seedlings.

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Interactions between engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) and plants: Phytotoxicity, uptake and accumulation

Cited by 1,034 publications

References 64 publications

Ecotoxicity test methods for engineered nanomaterials: Practical experiences and recommendations from the bench

Ecotoxicity test methods for engineered nanomaterials: Practical experiences and recommendations from the bench

Highly efficient uptake of ultrafine mesoporous silica nanoparticles with excellent biocompatibility by Liriodendron hybrid suspension cells

Investigating of a wide range of concentrations of multi-walled carbon nanotubes on germination and growth of castor seeds (Ricinus communis L.)

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