Interactions Between Ecto-mycorrhizal and Saprotrophic Fungi

Leake, J. R.; Donnelly, D. P.; Boddy, Lynne

doi:10.1007/978-3-540-38364-2_14

Cited by 80 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 74 publications

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“…In addition, enzymes involved in the degradation of plant cell wall components are important to get access to nutrients enclosed in dead plant tissues (Leake et al 2002;Perez-Moreno and Read 2000). To attack plant cell walls, a number of enzymes are needed: cellulases, hemicellulases, pectinases, and possibly lignin degrading enzymes.…”

Section: Enzymes Of Ecms Possibly Involved In Utilising Organic Boundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To attack plant cell walls, a number of enzymes are needed: cellulases, hemicellulases, pectinases, and possibly lignin degrading enzymes. Organic nitrogen and phosphorus sources are mostly macromolecules such as proteins, chitin, and phytate or they are only accessible after degradation of surrounding materials and matrices as they are bound to or embedded in plant and fungal cell walls or humic acids (Leake et al 2002;Read and Perez-Moreno 2003).…”

Section: Enzymes Of Ecms Possibly Involved In Utilising Organic Boundmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are increasing reports on interactions of saprotrophic fungi and bacteria with ECM in nutrient release from complex substrates (Koide and Kabir 2001;Leake et al 2002;Nurmiaho-Lassila et al 1997;Timonen et al 1998;Wu et al 2005;Wu et al 2003). This functional assembly may vary with time, i.e.…”

Section: Factors Influencing the Enzyme Activities Of Ecm Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enzyme secretion by ECM fungi and exploitation of mineral nutrients from soil organic matter

Pritsch

Garbaye

2011

Annals of Forest Science

101

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Abstract· Introduction Important nutrients in forest soils such as nitrogen and phosphorus are mostly recycled from natural polymeric compounds contained in litter and organic debrisfor example nucleic acids, proteins, or chitin.· Objectives Activities of enzymes such as phosphatases, proteases, cellulases, chitinases and laccase were shown in saprotrophic but also in ectomycorrhizal fungi and there is increasing evidence that these enzymes contribute not only to the functioning of the symbiosis but also to the mobilisation of nutrients. In the present review, we describe how enzyme secretion and localisation on fungal hyphae may be connected to the potential role in soil nutrient cycling. · ResultsRecently developed methods for enzyme activity studies of ectomycorrhizae directly assayed in or collected from the field such as enzyme activity profiling and soil imprinting are described. Their value and limitations in different examples of ecological studies is highlighted and discussed also with respect to the role of other soil microorganisms associated with ectomycorrhizae. · ConclusionThe conclusion from our review is that enzyme activities of ECM and their associated microorganisms provide a potentially enormous plasticity of mycorrhizosphere functionality which is an open field for further research. Enzymes secrétés par les champignons ectomycorhiziens et exploitation des éléments minéraux contenus dans la matière organique du sol.

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Section: Enzymes Of Ecms Possibly Involved In Utilising Organic Boundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Enzymes Of Ecms Possibly Involved In Utilising Organic Boundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Factors Influencing the Enzyme Activities Of Ecm Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Enzyme secretion by ECM fungi and exploitation of mineral nutrients from soil organic matter

Pritsch

Garbaye

2011

Annals of Forest Science

101

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“…Ecto-mycorrhizal fungi (EMF) and wood-decay fungi (WDF) in forest soils have major effects on biogeochemical cycling of carbon (C) and essential mineral elements in temperate and boreal forest ecosystems [1]. The role of EMF and WDF in making the growth-limiting nutrients nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) is well known (e.g., [2]).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wood Decay Fungi Restore Essential Calcium to Acidic Soils in Northern New England

Shortle

Smith

2015

Forests

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Abstract:The depletion of root-available calcium in northern forests soils exposed to decades of increased acid deposition adversely affects forest health and productivity. Laboratory studies indicated the potential of wood-decay fungi to restore lost calcium to the rooting zone of trees. This study reports changes in concentrations of Ca, Mg, and K during decay of sapwood of spruce, maple, hemlock, and birch at two locations in northern New England, USA. Concentrations of exchangeable Ca, Mg, and Al in decayed wood residues after 10 and 12 years of ground contact were also compared. Significant loss of mass indicated by decreasing wood density occurred after two to eight years in conifers and after only two years in hardwoods. A significant gain in wood K was observed at two years, but the gain was not sustained. A significant gain in Ca concentration occurred by six years and that gain was sustained for 12 years. Concentrations of Mg varied. No significant difference in exchangeable Ca concentration was observed between decayed wood residue of spruce and maple and the forest floor. However, decayed wood residue had a much lower molar Al/Ca ratio, a conditional characteristic of sites with high root-available Ca.

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“…The structure and the diversity of ECM communities has been extensively studied across a wide range of forest types (e.g., Courty et al 2008;Tedersoo et al 2010) as well as its response to seasons, tree phenology, host genotype, soil chemistry, or environmental disturbances (e.g., Parrent et al 2006;Courty et al 2007Courty et al , 2010bCourty et al , 2011Dickie et al 2009;Rineau and Garbaye 2009a), but the structure-function relation in these communities has been uncompletely addressed (Leake et al 2002). Studies of ecological preferences and resilience of ECMf species according to disturbances are rare (Elmqvist et al 2003;Folke et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secreted enzymatic activities of ectomycorrhizal fungi as a case study of functional diversity and functional redundancy

Rineau¹,

Courty

2011

Annals of Forest Science

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Abstract• Introduction Many studies deal with taxonomic diversity (TD) or estimation of functional traits of ectomycorrhizal communities. However, to our knowledge, none of them has ever tried to calculate the functional diversity (FD) of those communities, which is of critical importance for the diversity and reliability of nutrient supply to the tree.• Objectives Here, we propose to evaluate the functional diversity of ECM communities in their potential ability to mobilise nutrients from organic matter, in two different forest stands.• Results Results show that in both forest stands:-TD is strongly correlated with FD.-ECM species are functionally redundant within the communities for their abilities to secrete organic matter degrading enzymes. -The functional traits (enzymatic activities) of the studied ectomycorrhizal communities are not related within genera, nor within families or phylogenetically related groups of taxa. -Some species show a wide phenotypic plasticity for their enzymatic profiles.• Conclusion This study provides the first evidence of functional redundancy in ectomycorrhizal communities. More studies are now needed to evaluate the robustness of these results at wider ecosystem scales and using other relevant functional traits.

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Interactions Between Ecto-mycorrhizal and Saprotrophic Fungi

Cited by 80 publications

References 74 publications

Enzyme secretion by ECM fungi and exploitation of mineral nutrients from soil organic matter

Enzyme secretion by ECM fungi and exploitation of mineral nutrients from soil organic matter

Wood Decay Fungi Restore Essential Calcium to Acidic Soils in Northern New England

Secreted enzymatic activities of ectomycorrhizal fungi as a case study of functional diversity and functional redundancy

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