Interactions Among Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Its Larval Endoparasitoid Microplitis croceipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and Bacillus thuringiensis

Blumberg, D.; Navon, A.; Keren, Sara; Goldenberg, Samuel; Ferkovich, Stephen M.

doi:10.1093/jee/90.5.1181

Cited by 48 publications

(39 citation statements)

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“…They may be used to complement the effects of other biological control agents because of their higher selectivity than most insecticides [4][5][6]. It has been concluded that the mechanism of action of the Bt Cry proteins involves solubilization of the crystal in the insect midgut, proteolytic processing of the protoxin by midgut proteases, binding of the Cry toxin to midgut receptors, and insertion of the toxin into the apical membrane to create ion channels or pores [7].…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The failure of chemical measures to control this insect has shifted the emphasis towards other effective strategies (e.g., transgenic crops or natural enemies) in an IPM program. However, the effect of Bt transgenic plants on non-target organisms is becoming increasingly important in agro-ecosystems [5]. There is concern about the widespread development of Bt resistance or tolerance in beet armyworm due to reports of field resistance to Bt toxins in several lepidopteran families [13].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Temporal allocation of metabolic tolerance to transgenic Bt cotton in beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)

Guo

Wan

2011

Sci. China Life Sci.

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Digestive and detoxification enzyme activity and nutrient composition were examined in the body of fourth instar beet armyworms, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner), fed on transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and non-Bt cotton for different time periods. Nutrient composition and specific enzyme activities differed significantly between the S. exigua fed Bt vs. non-Bt cotton. At 1, 6 and 24 h, free fatty acid and glucose levels were significantly lower in S. exigua fed on Bt cotton than those fed on non-Bt cotton. S. exigua fed on Bt cotton had significantly higher trypsin and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activities and significantly lower lipase, carboxylesterase and acetylcholinesterase activities than non-Bt fed worms for all feeding time periods. Differences were also observed among feeding times within each cotton variety group. Significantly lower free fatty acid and total amino acid were observed in S. exigua fed on Bt cotton for 24 h than in those fed for 1 h. Significantly lower activities of lipase and trypsin were detected in S. exigua fed on Bt cotton for 24 h than those for 1 and 4 h. However, carboxylesterase and acetylcholinesterase activities in S. exigua fed on Bt cotton for 24 h were significantly higher than those for 1, 4 and 6 h. The interaction between cotton variety and feeding time significantly affected the activities of lipase, trypsin, acetylcholinesterase and T-SOD enzymes in S. exigua. Measuring the temporal allocation of protection and detoxification enzyme activities in the body of S. exigua in response to B. thuringiensis can provide a meaningful evaluation on the metabolic tolerance of herbivorous insects under the continuous selection pressure of a toxic protein.

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confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Temporal allocation of metabolic tolerance to transgenic Bt cotton in beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)

Guo

Wan

2011

Sci. China Life Sci.

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“…The value of this parameter for control, imidacloprid, abamactin and Bt was 29.7, 27.62, 26.71 and 32, respectively. Blumberg et al (1997) reported similar results about the Microplitis croceipes Cresson after feeding honey solutions fortified with Bt. They suggested that this sub-lethal effect of Bt is probably due to the presence of Bt spores in the adult's diet.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 54%

Investigation of sex ratio and adult longevity ofHabrobracon hebetorSay in relation to some conventional and biorational insecticides

Kalajahi

Ganbalani

Kazemi

et al. 2013

Archives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection

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Habrobracon hebetor Say (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) is one of the most important natural enemies that has been used for biological control of lepidopteran pests, so the sub-lethal effects of imidacloprid, abamactin and Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) on progeny sex ratio (male/total) and adult longevity of H. hebetor were examined under laboratory conditions. It was found that the progeny sex ratio changed to male bias significantly by Bt treatment. Also, the adult longevity of the wasp was affected adversely by insecticides treatment and it was longest in Bt treatment. In conclusion, the current results indicated that the sub-lethal concentration of these insecticides affected the progeny sex ratio and adult longevity and the best strategies for reduction of hazard to the H. hebetor in combination with Bt is to avoid their application before Bt spraying.

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“…Pengaruh negatif juga tidak dijumpai pada parasitoid hama kubis lainnya seperti hama Helicoverpa armigera dengan parasit Microplitis croceipes (Blumberg et al, 1997). Percobaan lapang dengan tanaman transgenik tembakau yang mengekspresikan Bt-toksin dalam level rendah menunjukkan adanya sinergistik dengan parasitoid C. sonorensis dalam mengendalikan H. virescens.…”

Section: Hasil Dan Pembahasanunclassified

Uji Toksisitas Isolat Kristal Protein Bacillus thuringensis (Bt) sebagai Agen Pengendali Hama Terpadu Wereng Hijau (Nepotettix virescens ) Vektor Penyakit Tungro sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Ketahanan Pangan Nasional

2015

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Bakteri Bacillus thuringensis adalah salah satu jenis mikroba yang telah dikembangkan sebagai salah satu bioinsektisida karena bersifat pathogen terhadap serangga. Sifat dari Kristal protein bakteri Bacillus thuringensis bersifat spesisfik terhadap serangga sehingga sangat efektif dan tidak membahayakan organisme non target. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh bioinsektisida dari isolate Bacillus thuringensis yang memiliki konsentrasi tepat untuk mengendalikan serangan hama wereng hijau sebagai agen virus tungro pada tanaman padi. Tahapan penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi isolasi, pemurnian isolat, pemurnian Kristal protein intaseluler dan aplikasi melalui LD50. Pada penelitian ini digunakan konsentrasi 0,01 ppm, 0,05 ppm, 0,07 ppm, dan 0,1 ppm. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh hasil konsentrasi LD50 adalah 0,07 ppm. Keywords:Bacillus thuringensis, Bioinsektisida Bt, Pengendali terpadu, wereng hijau LATAR BELAKANGSebagai negara yang memiliki letak didaerah katulistiwa, negara Indonesia memiliki kekayaan flora fauna yang sangat melimpah . Selain kekayan flora fauna, negara Indonesia juga Mega diversity organisme mikro ( bakteri dan kapang ).Sebagai negara agraris dan memiliki iklim tropis negara Indonesia memiliki potensi besar menjadi negara yang berswasembada pangan. Untuk mencapai tujuan sebagai negara berswasembada pangan sangat banyak kendala yang harus dihadapi. Sebagai tanaman pangan utama di Indonesia, padi memiliki banyak hama dari jenis serangga salah satunya adalah wereng hijau ( Nephotettix virescens) yang menjadi vektor penyakit tungro ( Brar, et al, 2009 ). Tungro adalah salah satu jenis penyakit yang menyerang tanaman padi yang disebabkan oleh virus. Kerugian yang disebabkan oleh serangan sangat besar dan mampu mengancam tercapainya tujuan sebagai negara berswasembada pangan.Sudah semestinya untuk dicarikan solusi permasalahan tentang serangan wereng hijau sebagai agen penyakit tungro secara bijaksana. Selama ini para petani hanya menggunakan jenis insektisida kimia yang sama sekali tidak efektif karena selain dapat meracuni lingkungan sehingga mengganggu keseimbangan ekosistem juga dapat menyebabkan resistensi terhadap hama wereng hijau. Bacillus thuringensis ( Bt ) diketahui memiliki Kristal protein yang mampu mendegradasi saluran cerna dari insekta.Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) adalah bakteri gram positif yang berbentuk batang, aerobik dan membentuk spora.Banyak strain dari bakteri ini yang menghasilkan protein yang beracun bagi serangga. Sejak diketahuinya potensi dari protein kristal Bt sebagai agen pengendali serangga, berbagai isolatBt dengan berbagai jenis protein kristal yang dikandungnya telah teridentifikasi. Sampai saat ini telah diidentifikasi protein kristal yang beracun terhadap larva dari berbagai ordo serangga yang menjadi hama pada tanaman pangan dan hortikultura. Kebanyakan dari protein kristal tersebut lebih ramah lingkungan karena mempunyai target yang spesifik sehingga tidak mematikan serangga bukan sasaran dan mudah terurai sehingga tidak menumpuk dan mencemari l...

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Interactions Among Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), Its Larval Endoparasitoid Microplitis croceipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), and Bacillus thuringiensis

Cited by 48 publications

References 0 publications

Temporal allocation of metabolic tolerance to transgenic Bt cotton in beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)

Temporal allocation of metabolic tolerance to transgenic Bt cotton in beet armyworm, Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)

Investigation of sex ratio and adult longevity ofHabrobracon hebetorSay in relation to some conventional and biorational insecticides

Uji Toksisitas Isolat Kristal Protein Bacillus thuringensis (Bt) sebagai Agen Pengendali Hama Terpadu Wereng Hijau (Nepotettix virescens ) Vektor Penyakit Tungro sebagai Upaya Peningkatan Ketahanan Pangan Nasional

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