Interaction processes of ciprofloxacin with graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide in the presence of montmorillonite in simulated gastrointestinal fluids

Abstract

This study investigated the interaction processes of ciprofloxacin (CIP) with graphene oxide (GO) and reduced GO (rGO) in presence of montmorillonite (Mont) in simulated gastrointestinal fluids. The order of CIP adsorption affinity was rGO+Mont > GO+Mont > rGO+Mont+pepsin > rGO > GO+Mont+pepsin > Mont > Mont+pepsin > GO > rGO+pepsin > GO+pepsin in simulated gastric fluid. Mont enhanced the adsorption of CIP on GO and rGO due to hydrated Si species coating on GO and rGO in the simulated gastric fluid. Meanwhile, π–π interaction between CIP and graphene caused the great shift of two cyclopropyl CH2 and one cyclopropyl in CIP molecules. And GO, rGO, and Mont interacted mainly with CIP by COOH groups. CIP and pepsin molecules could intercalate and increase the basal spacing of Mont as well. After the various interaction systems of adsorbent-adsorbate transferring to the simulated intestinal fluid, CIP was continuously adsorbed by GO and rGO. In addition, adsorbed CIP was released from Mont into the solution through electrostatic repulsion. The decrease ratio of CIP was the lowest in the GO/rGO+Mont+pepsin systems. Therefore, the mixture of Mont and GO/rGO decreased the CIP concentration in gastrointestinal fluid to weaken further antibiotic activity of CIP.

Graphene Ink Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode as electrochemical sensor for Galantamine Determination

“…These peaks suggest a certain number of oxygen-containing functional groups that are still attached on the graphene surface, which could affect its dispersibility. Compared with the literature [30][31][32], the intensity of these peaks was much lower than of graphene oxide, further indicating these graphene flakes retained most of their conductivity property. Figure 2B shows the Raman spectrum of the graphene ink.…”

Towards efficient ciprofloxacin adsorption using magnetic hybrid nanoparticles prepared with κ-, ι-, and λ-carrageenan

“…The presence of CIP can be confirmed by the appearance of a well-defined band 1627 cm −1 , due to the ketone C=O stretching of CIP molecules. Further evidence of CIP adsorption is the appearance of the bands in the region of 1489 cm −1 and 1459 cm −1 , which are ascribed to C-N stretching and protonation of amine group in piperazinyl moiety, respectively [117]. In the nanosorbents prepared from ι-and λ-carrageenan, these bands are less visible, which agrees with a lower CIP removal by these particles, for the initial CIP concentration tested.…”

Graphenic Materials for Biomedical Applications

“…DXC/GOTA/TiO 2 demonstrated higher antibacterial activity against E. coli and S. aureus than bare TiO 2 and GOTA/TiO 2 , without any damage to the viability of human dermal fibroblasts [112]. Ma [113].…”