Interaction of influenza virus with gangliosides and liposomes containing gangliosides

Abstract

It has already been shown that influenza virus binds unspecifically to liposomes containing ganglioside GM1 whereas with gangliosides G D l b and G,,, binding occurs in a specific and saturable manner [Slepushkin et al. (1986) Biol. Membr. 3,229 -2351. In the present study the mode of interaction between influenza virus and various gangliosides or phospholipid liposomes containing cholesterol and gangliosides has been investigated.The influence of exogenous gangliosides on the structure of the viral envelope was studied using fluorescent and photoactivatable phospholipids incorporated into the viral membrane. With both types of probes maximal effects of gangliosides were caused by GT1b. Addition of that ganglioside resulted in a marked decrease in the fluorescence polarization (P) of fluorescent labeled virus as well as in substantial changes in the binding of photoactivatable analogues of sphingomyelin and phosphatidylcholine to virus proteins, mainly hemagglutinin.The effects of GTlb and GDlb on P value were comparable, whereas gangliosides with other oligosaccharide chains caused much smaller changes in P. Furthermore GTlb but not Gllll influenced phospholipid-hemagglutinin crosslinking.Interaction of the virus with large unilamellar liposomes was monitored by two fluorescence assays based on resonance-energy transfer from the tryptophans and tyrosines of viral proteins to vesicles labeled with a triacylglycerol (anthrylvinyldioleoyIglycero1) or from these labeled vesicles to virions labeled with a perylenoyl derivative of galactosylcerebroside (PGalSph). A third fluorescence assay was based on relief of self-quenching in PGalSph-labeled virions, upon low-pH-induced virus-liposome fusion. With all three fusion assays the changes of fluorescence caused by GTlb were more pronounced than those induced by GM1. On the other hand, virus-

The interaction of prostaglandin E1 with serum lipoproteins possible role in cholesterol homeostasis

“…Upon photolysis, these photoactivatable lipids generate highly reactive nitrene radicals which covalently bind to protein sites that are in contact with the probe. Thus, one can identify changes in the relative position of hydrophobic protein segments and surrounding lipids (21,22). Recently a photoactivatable analog of phosphatidylethanolamine labeled in the polar head group moiety was shown to cross-link efficiently to apolipoprotein B (apo-B) of LDL and to apo-A 1 of HDL (23).…”

Influence of calcium on lipid mixing mediated by influenza hemagglutinin

“…All compositions included 5% fluorescent lipid probe and, if not stated otherwise, 5% disialoganglioside, which serves as a receptor for HA binding [33]. DSPC/cholesterol liposomes (DSPC-LS) had the following composition: 49.5% DSPC, 40.5% cholesterol, 5% RhDPPE, and 5% disialoganglioside.…”

Gangliosides Influence Experimental Influenza Virus Infection in Mice

“…As gangliosides are able to bind influenza virus particles to the surface of ceils (Bergelson et al, 1982) or liposomes (Slepushkin et al, 1988) they may be expected to compete with natural receptors inhibiting virus adsorption on the cell surface. To test this possiblity, the virus was pretreated with GM1 for 1 h at 37 °C and the mixture then was injected intranasally into mice of the susceptible line (CBA).…”

“…It was demonstrated that this effect of gangliosides GTlb or Golb was due to their specific interaction with virus haemagglutinin (HA) which induces a rearrangement of the viral lipids resulting in the bilayer areas of the viral envelope becoming fluid to a significant degree. This in turn promotes fusion of the virus with target membranes (Slepushkin et al, 1988). Gangliosides of other types, e.g.…”

“…Gangliosides of other types, e.g. gangliosides GMI and GDI~, promote only nonspecific binding of influenza viruses to cells or liposomes (Slepushkin et aL, 1986).…”