Interaction of catalase with montmorillonite homoionic to cations with different hydrophobicity: effect on enzymatic activity and microbial utilization

Calamai, Luca; Lozzi, Irene; Stotzky, G.; Fusi, P.; Ristori, G.G.

doi:10.1016/s0038-0717(99)00211-4

Cited by 30 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…israelensis (active against Diptera) are rapidly adsorbed and bound on clay minerals and humic substances, which renders them less available for biodegradation, but their insecticidal activity is retained (e.g., Stotzky 1990, 1992;Tapp et al 1994;Stotzky 1995a, b, 1998;Koskella and Stotzky 1997;Stotzky 1998a, 2001;Lee et al 2003;Stotzky 2004). Other proteins, peptides, amino acids, DNA, and viruses are also protected against microbial degradation and inactivation when bound on such surfaceactive particles (e.g., Stotzky 1985, 1986;Stotzky 1986Stotzky , 2004Dashman and Stotzky 1986;Khanna and Stotzky 1992;Gallori et al 1994;Vettori et al 1996Vettori et al , 1999Crecchio and Stotzky 1998b;Calamai et al 2000;Lozzi et al 2001;Crecchio et al 2005). Moreover, repeated and large-scale use of transgenic Bt plants could result in the accumulation and persistence of plant-produced Bt proteins in soil (e.g., Stotzky 1995a, 1998;Crecchio and Stotzky 1998a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cry3Bb1 protein from Bacillus thuringiensis in root exudates and biomass of transgenic corn does not persist in soil

Icoz

Stotzky

2007

Transgenic Res

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The Cry3Bb1 protein, insecticidal to the corn rootworm complex (Diabrotica spp.), of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) subsp. kumamotoensis was released in root exudates of transgenic Bt corn (event MON863) in sterile hydroponic culture (7.5 +/- 1.12 ng/ml after 28 days of growth) and in nonsterile soil throughout growth of the plants (2.2 +/- 0.62 ng/g after 63 days of growth). Kitchawan soil, which contains predominantly kaolinite (K) but not montmorillonite (M), was amended to 3 or 6% (vol./vol.) with K (3K and 6K soils) or M (3M and 6M soils) and with 1, 3, 5, or 10% (wt./wt.) of ground biomass of Bt corn expressing the Cry3Bb1 protein and incubated at 25 +/- 2 degrees C at the -33-kPa water tension for 60 days. Soils were analyzed for the presence of the protein every 7 to 10 days with a western blot assay (ImmunoStrip) and verified by ELISA. Persistence of the protein varied with the type and amount of clay mineral and the pH of the soils and increased as the concentration of K was increased but decreased as the concentration of M was increased. Persistence decreased when the pH of the K-amended soils was increased from ca. 5 to ca. 7 with CaCO(3): the protein was not detected after 14 and 21 days in the pH-adjusted 3K and 6K soils, respectively, whereas it was detected after 40 days in the 3K and 6K soils not adjusted to pH 7. The protein was detected for only 21 days in the 3M soil and for 14 days in the 6M soil, which were not adjusted in pH. These results indicate that the Cry3Bb1 protein does not persist or accumulate in soil and is degraded rapidly.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cry3Bb1 protein from Bacillus thuringiensis in root exudates and biomass of transgenic corn does not persist in soil

Icoz

Stotzky

2007

Transgenic Res

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“…Soil aggregate complexes are among the most active biogeochemical structures known, primarily because of the complex assemblages of microniches at their surfaces and within (Young and Crawford, 2004). The complex soil biophysical nature of soil aggregates includes interconnected networks of macro‐ and micropores that control the flux rates and establish dynamic gradients of soil solutions, gases, and thermoviscous sorptivities forming organo‐mineral complexes (Calamai et al, 2000; Kaiser and Guggenberger, 2003; Masaphy et al, 1996) in a manner similar to that briefly outlined in Fig. 2.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Micropore Development and Contributions to Soluble Carbon Transport within Macroaggregates

Smucker

Park

Dörner

et al. 2007

Vadose Zone Journal

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Soil biophysical transport mechanisms promoting biogeochemical sorption of soluble organic carbon (SOC) compounds within macroaggregates control the retention and release of most soil nutrients, C‐ and N‐based polysaccharides, and contaminants. Ecosystems containing continuous supplies of soluble root exudates and particulate organic matter (POM) provide a constant supply of mobile SOC compounds to surfaces and internal pore networks of soil aggregates. Intra‐aggregate pores, especially the ultrafine pores, appear to be developed, interconnected, and blocked or disconnected by repeated drying and wetting (DW) cycling with direct but unknown contributions to movement and retention of SOC compounds. There is evidence that the severity (e.g., range of soil water potential) and frequency of severe DW cycles control intra‐aggregate micro‐ and nanopore formation and function. Heterogeneously distributed microsites within aggregates contain microbial communities that readily mineralize available C and N compounds, producing mobile SOC that can be tightly sorbed to additional mineral surfaces made available within micro‐ and nanosized fissures during repeated DW cycling. Mechanical removal of concentric soil layers of aggregates, synchrotron imaging and computer microtomographic (CMT) image processing software of three‐dimensional pore networks and connectivities, coupled with synchrotron X‐ray small angle scattering to measure pore sizes. Natural isotopes of 13C and 15N to quantify C and N sorption and CO2 respiration provide new and integrated approaches for quantifying spatially heterogeneous changes of pore diameters, connectivities, and organo‐ion‐mineral sorption within intra‐aggregate pore networks. Net C and N alterations at surfaces and within aggregates appear to modify both the microbial activities and bacterial community structures, producing integrated feedback and feed‐forward processes between the soil biological and physical components of soil aggregates.

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“…We calculated that in the clay fraction from vertisol, 25 mg of the toxin from Btt was adsorbed per mg of C in the fraction, which is much more than the adsorption on clay minerals. Crecchio and Stotzky (1998) found that extracted humic acids adsorbed as much Bt toxins than pure smectite and Calamai et al (2000) showed that organic coatings on clay minerals enhanced the adsorption of proteins. Organic matter destruction reduced the amount of the toxin adsorbed and bound on the vertisol but not on the alfisol and oxisol clay fractions even though the vertisol clay fraction retained more residual organic matter than both the alfisol and the oxisol clay fractions.…”

Section: Role Of Clay-associated Phases On Adsorption Of the Toxin Frmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of the pesticidal toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis on tropical soils and their particle-size fractions

et al. 2006

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Interaction of catalase with montmorillonite homoionic to cations with different hydrophobicity: effect on enzymatic activity and microbial utilization

Cited by 30 publications

References 22 publications

Cry3Bb1 protein from Bacillus thuringiensis in root exudates and biomass of transgenic corn does not persist in soil

Cry3Bb1 protein from Bacillus thuringiensis in root exudates and biomass of transgenic corn does not persist in soil

Soil Micropore Development and Contributions to Soluble Carbon Transport within Macroaggregates

Adsorption of the pesticidal toxin from Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis on tropical soils and their particle-size fractions

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