Interaction Matters: The Effect of Touching the Social Robot PARO on Pain and Stress is Stronger When Turned ON vs. OFF

Geva, Nirit; Hermoni, Netta; Levy-Tzedek, Shelly

doi:10.3389/frobt.2022.926185

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 131 publications

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“…Previous studies have found that human touch can alleviate pain and stress when experiencing thermal pain [32] and reduce anxiety during cataract surgery [25]. Crucially, unlike the current study, both studies use adult subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Hand-Holding’s Effect on Children’s Pain Perception and Anxiety during Dental Anesthetic Injections

Kharouba,

Berman,

Elbaharay

et al. 2023

JCM

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Local anesthetic injections are an essential tool in dentistry, particularly in pediatric dentistry. The needle penetrating the tissue can cause stress, anxiety, and pain. Studies have shown that using touch may alleviate pain and reduce patient anxiety. Yet, this has not been tested in pediatric dental patients. Therefore, this study examined the effect of hand-holding on children undergoing local anesthetic injections. Its effect on children’s pain perception was tested, with the hypothesis that pain perception would be lower for children whose hand was held by an assistant. Additionally, the study examined whether hand-holding would affect children’s anxiety levels and cooperation. Fifty-five children, who underwent dental treatment within the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at Tel Aviv University, were recruited. The patients were randomly divided into two groups. In the study group, the assistant gently placed her hand on the patient’s hand during the anesthetic injection. In the control group, the same treatment was performed without the hand being placed by the assistant. After the anesthetic injection, the child’s pain and anxiety levels were assessed using visual analog scales (VAS). The patients’ pulse was measured. The level of cooperation was evaluated using the “Frankl” scale. Interestingly, although the trends aligned with this study’s hypotheses, no significant effect of hand-holding on pain, anxiety, or cooperation during anesthetic injections was found.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Hand-Holding’s Effect on Children’s Pain Perception and Anxiety during Dental Anesthetic Injections

Kharouba,

Berman,

Elbaharay

et al. 2023

JCM

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“…We would submit that responsivity is a key phenomenon for human-robot interaction, too, when therapy, for Waldenfels, "responds by getting the other to respond" (Waldenfels 2020, p. 203)-which is a stated goal in the case of, for example, pet robots for patients with dementia. Indeed, it is evident that when robots are perceived as responsive, they have a stronger effect on the human user, be it a greater reduction in the perception of pain (Geva et al 2022), a decrease in salivary cortisol levels (Tanaka et al 2012), or an increase in prevalence of positive emotions (Crossmann et al 2018).…”

Section: Responsivity Virtual Responsivity and Constructed Responsive...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Can robots be trustworthy?

et al. 2023

Self Cite

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Definition of the problem This article critically addresses the conceptualization of trust in the ethical discussion on artificial intelligence (AI) in the specific context of social robots in care. First, we attempt to define in which respect we can speak of ‘social’ robots and how their ‘social affordances’ affect the human propensity to trust in human–robot interaction. Against this background, we examine the use of the concept of ‘trust’ and ‘trustworthiness’ with respect to the guidelines and recommendations of the High-Level Expert Group on AI of the European Union. Arguments Trust is analyzed as a multidimensional concept and phenomenon that must be primarily understood as departing from trusting as a human functioning and capability. To trust is an essential part of the human basic capability to form relations with others. We further want to discuss the concept of responsivity which has been established in phenomenological research as a foundational structure of the relation between the self and the other. We argue that trust and trusting as a capability is fundamentally responsive and needs responsive others to be realized. An understanding of responsivity is thus crucial to conceptualize trusting in the ethical framework of human flourishing. We apply a phenomenological–anthropological analysis to explore the link between certain qualities of social robots that construct responsiveness and thereby simulate responsivity and the human propensity to trust. Conclusion Against this background, we want to critically ask whether the concept of trustworthiness in social human–robot interaction could be misguided because of the limited ethical demands that the constructed responsiveness of social robots is able to answer to.

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“…Several studies have shown that touching interactive robots provides emotional positive effects, such as reductions in pain and stress (Geva et al, 2020 , 2022 ). Besides, if such forms of the aforementioned skillful touch could be delivered by a robot, care receivers could have emotional positive effects and the lack of caregivers might be resolved (Eckstein et al, 2020 ; Sumioka et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Delivery of pleasant stroke touch via robot in older adults

Ishikura,

Sato,

Takamatsu

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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Touch care has clinically positive effects on older adults. Touch can be delivered using robots, addressing the lack of caregivers. A recent study of younger participants showed that stroke touch delivered via robot produced subjective and physiologically positive emotional responses similar to those evoked by human touch. However, whether robotic touch can elicit similar responses in older adults remains unknown. We investigated this topic by assessing subjective rating (valence and arousal) and physiological signals [corrugator and zygomatic electromyography (EMG) and skin conductance response (SCR)] to gentle stroking motions delivered to the backs of older participants by robot and human agents at two different speeds: 2.6 and 8.5 cm/s. Following the recent study, the participants were informed that only the robot strokes them. We compared the difference between the younger (their data from the previous study) and the older participants in their responses when the two agents (a robot and a human) stroked them. Subjectively, data from both younger and older participants showed that 8.5 cm/s stroking was more positive and arousing than 2.6 cm/s stroking for both human and robot agents. Physiologically, data from both younger and older participants showed that 8.5 cm/s stroking induced weaker corrugator EMG activity and stronger SCR activity than the 2.6 cm/s stroking for both agents. These results demonstrate that the overall patterns of the older groups responses were similar to those of the younger group, and suggest that robot-delivered stroke touch can elicit pleasant emotional responses in older adults.

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Interaction Matters: The Effect of Touching the Social Robot PARO on Pain and Stress is Stronger When Turned ON vs. OFF

Cited by 9 publications

References 131 publications

Hand-Holding’s Effect on Children’s Pain Perception and Anxiety during Dental Anesthetic Injections

Hand-Holding’s Effect on Children’s Pain Perception and Anxiety during Dental Anesthetic Injections

Can robots be trustworthy?

Delivery of pleasant stroke touch via robot in older adults

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