Interaction Effect of Stand Age and Diversity on Aboveground Wood Carbon Accumulation in Subtropical Mixed Forests of the Zhejiang Province (China)

Wang, Gang; Xie, Binglou; Lv, Yulong; Yin, Jiayang; Zhou, Yongqiang; Xu, Lin; Shi, Yongjun

doi:10.3390/f14020262

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Additionally, the simpler forest structure at high elevations may contribute to weaker synergies between functions. Previous studies in this plot have demonstrated that structural diversity promotes multiple functions simultaneously and strengthens synergies between functions [33,79]. This suggests that forest management strategies should focus on regulating forest structure to build multifunctional forests.…”

Section: Effects Of Topography On Trade-offs and Synergies Between Fu...mentioning

confidence: 64%

“…Different species adapt to specific topography and thrive in it [81,82]. Therefore, topography can indirectly regulate the synergistic and trade-off relationships between functions by influencing species composition [79]. Our results suggest that forest management should prioritize topographic conditions.…”

Section: Effects Of Topography On Trade-offs and Synergies Between Fu...mentioning

confidence: 77%

“…Subsequently, the threshold value of 50% was applied to calculate FM in this study. For further details, refer to the works of Byrnes et al (2014) and Wang et al (2023) [5,33].…”

Section: Quantification Of Fmmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Topographic Variation in Ecosystem Multifunctionality in an Old-Growth Subtropical Forest

Wang,

Xu,

Yang

et al. 2024

Forests

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Exploring the relationship between topography and forest multifunctionality enhances understanding of the mechanisms maintaining forest multifunctionality and proves beneficial for managing overall forest functions across different landscapes. Leveraging census data from a 20 ha subtropical forest plot, we investigated the topographic variations in individual functions, multifunctionality, and their interrelationships. Our results revealed that relative to lower elevations, higher elevations had higher woody productivity, sapling growth, and recruitment that drove higher average forest multifunctionality (FMA). However, forest multifunctionality at the 50% threshold level (FMt50) had no significant difference between high and low elevations. Compared with the valley and slope, higher woody productivity, higher sapling recruitment, and higher soil organic carbon stock drove higher forest multifunctionality (FMA and FMt50) in the ridge. These results indicate the ridge serves as a forest multifunctionality “hotspot” within the Tiantong 20 hm2 plot. Additionally, relative to the low elevation, the degree of synergy among functions at the high elevation was significantly lower, indicating difficulties in attaining high forest multifunctionality at the high elevation. Our work underscores the importance of topography in regulating subtropical forest multifunctionality and relationships between forest functions at a local scale, suggesting that future forest management strategies (such as regulating synergistic or trade-off relationships between functions) should give particular attention to topographic conditions.

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Section: Effects Of Topography On Trade-offs and Synergies Between Fu...mentioning

confidence: 64%

Section: Effects Of Topography On Trade-offs and Synergies Between Fu...mentioning

confidence: 77%

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Topographic Variation in Ecosystem Multifunctionality in an Old-Growth Subtropical Forest

Wang,

Xu,

Yang

et al. 2024

Forests

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“…Hence, understanding the relationships between abiotic and biotic drivers and AGB among stand types is important to provide empirical bases for sustainable forest management in each stand type. However, few studies have investigated the relationship between AGB and environmental conditions, forest development stage (i.e., stand age), and biotic drivers among different stand types (Ullah et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2023).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tree size variation induced by stand age mainly regulates aboveground biomass across three major stands of temperate forests in South Korea

Lee

2023

Front. For. Glob. Change

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Forest biomass and biodiversity are the most important elements of forest functions and ecosystem services. In this study, we explore the possibilities and ways to enhance ecosystem functions and services related to biomass and biodiversity. Biotic drivers (i.e., species, phylogenetic and functional diversity, stand structural attributes, and community-weighted mean of trait values), abiotic drivers (i.e., topography and climate), and stand age were extracted as independent variables to explain aboveground biomass (AGB). Using South Korea’s 7th National Forest Inventory data, we analyzed 2,070 plots belonging to the natural forests consisting of 394 plots (19.0%) of coniferous stands, 829 plots (40.0%) of broadleaved stands, and 847 plots (40.9%) of mixed stands. Multimodel inference test and model-averaging approaches were conducted to determine the most significant control variables on AGB in each stand type, and piecewise structural equation modeling was conducted to quantify the relationships and directions between the variables. Abiotic drivers, including stand age and climate moisture index, control tree size variation in all stand types, but biotic drivers control AGB through different mechanisms depending on the stand type. Our results show that there were differences in the composition of variables for controlling AGB among stand types. Across all forest types and total stands, we found that increasing the tree size variation is the key driver of increasing AGB as stand age increases. Our study suggests that forest carbon accumulation by stand type can be enhanced if the key drivers of each stand type are properly managed across forest succession, and different forest management plans that consider different regulation factors among stand types are required. Moreover, it is important to adapt resource use patterns for each stand type with considering environmental conditions to maintain healthy and sustainable forests.

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Effects of stand structure on ecological benefits and tree growth of Haloxylon ammodendron plantations: A meta‐analysis

Huang,

Li,

Liu

et al. 2024

Land Degrad Dev

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Haloxylon ammodendron is a typical tree species in arid region for windbreak and sand fixation. Understanding how stand structure (i.e., afforestation density, forest type, and stand age) of H. ammodendron impacts ecological benefits and tree growth status has great implications for desertification control in arid area. We obtained a dataset of 446 observations from 79 studies related to H. ammodendron plantations for meta‐analysis. Stand age was the key factor affecting performances of windbreak, tree canopy, and soil properties while afforestation density was more important in determining tree survival rate. Wind speed in H. ammodendron plantations was reduced by 52% in general compared to that at the site without any plantations and decreased as the increasing density. With the increase of stand age, soil carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus accumulated continuously, but soil moisture in 0–60 cm depth decrease when trees grew up to nearly 20 years. Within 4000 plants ha−1, responses of survival rate, tree height, ground diameter, and canopy decreased with the increase of afforestation density. Compared with mono‐species plantation, mixed afforestation was more beneficial to windbreak and survival, while it damaged tree growth. Combining the ecological functions and tree growth of H. ammodendron plantations, the afforestation density and forest age should be controlled to 450–900 plants ha−1 and 20 years, respectively, as the upper limit. Therefore, besides reasonable afforestation density, management measures for regulations of forest age and existing stand density were important to maintain higher ecological benefits and better tree growth of H. ammodendron plantations.

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Interaction Effect of Stand Age and Diversity on Aboveground Wood Carbon Accumulation in Subtropical Mixed Forests of the Zhejiang Province (China)

Cited by 4 publications

References 79 publications

Topographic Variation in Ecosystem Multifunctionality in an Old-Growth Subtropical Forest

Topographic Variation in Ecosystem Multifunctionality in an Old-Growth Subtropical Forest

Tree size variation induced by stand age mainly regulates aboveground biomass across three major stands of temperate forests in South Korea

Effects of stand structure on ecological benefits and tree growth of Haloxylon ammodendron plantations: A meta‐analysis

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