Interaction between the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus and Pinus resinosa induces resistance to Fusarium oxysporum

Duchesne, Luc; Peterson, R. L.; Ellis, Brian E.

doi:10.1139/b88-080

Cited by 77 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…This is supported by repeated observations that disease suppression by ectomycorrhizal fungi can be observed even in the absence of ectomycorrhizal root formation (Sylvia and Sinclair 1983;Chakravarty and Unestam 1987a, b;Duchesne et al 1988aDuchesne et al , 1989b.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

“…Seeds of Pinus resinosa (Canadian Forestry Service seed lot no. 7030150.1) were surface-sterilized (1 h 30% H202), rinsed in autoclaved distilled water, and germinated for 12-15days in Petri dishes at room temperature prior to transfer to sterile test tubes containing a nutrient solution (Duchesne et al 1988a). Tubes were lined with a strip of chromatography paper, stoppered with a foam plug and autoclaved.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…suppresses Fusarium root rot without the formation of ectomycorrhizal roots (Duchesne et al 1988a). Pinus resinosa root exudates stimulate the synthesis of antifungal compounds in Paxillus involutus (Duchesne et al 1988b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protein synthesis in Pinus resinosa and the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus prior to ectomycorrhiza formation

Duchesne¹

1989

Trees

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Seedlings of Pinus resinosa Ait. in test tubes were inoculated with the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus Fr. or with discs of sterile modified Melin-Norkrans (MMN) medium. Paxillus involutus was also inoculated to control tubes in the absence of Pinus resinosa seedlings. In vivo labelling of proteins in Pinus resinosa roots and in Paxillus involutus mycelium was carried out using 35S L-methionine 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7 days after inoculation. Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of the protein extracts from the four treatments and autoradiography demonstrated that the presence of root exudates altered protein synthesis in Paxillus involutus as three major bands disappeared when Paxillus involutus was exposed to root exudates. Protein synthesis in Pinus resinosa was also altered when Paxillus involutus was introduced into the tubes, since at least two bands were more intense when seedlings were inoculated with Paxillus involutus, as compared to control roots. No difference was observed in the growth and the label incorporation of Paxillus involutus growing with or without root exudates. Ectomycorrhizal roots were not formed during this experiment. Gene regulation in this ectomycorrhizal association occurs, therefore, prior to the formation of ectomycorrhizal roots.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 56%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Protein synthesis in Pinus resinosa and the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus prior to ectomycorrhiza formation

Duchesne¹

1989

Trees

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“…Hart et at 1980Heinrich, benefit the.r host plants primarily by improvements Mulligan & Patrick, 1988) and th.s increase can be in mineral nutrition, although increased drought and correlated with the fme and amount of ectopathogen resistance unquestionably can occur (Dud-mycorrhiza formation (Heinrich & Patrick, 1986). dridge, Malibari & Read, 1980;Parke, Linderman & However, when, as in these experiments, there is Black, 1983 ;Duchesne, Peterson & Ellis, 1988). The also an increase m growth, the amount of all nutrients evidence for this nutritional benefit is, however, in the plant will increase, and the evidence for the incomplete.…”

Section: Introduction Of Host Phosphate Have Been Shown Followingmentioning

confidence: 74%

Phosphorus relationships and production of extrametrical hyphae by two types of willow ectomycorrhizas at different soil phosphorus levels

1990

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SUMMARYThere is much circumstantial evidence for a role of increased P uptake in the growth response of plants to ectomycorrhizas. Full response curves with and without mycorrhizal infection along a P gradient in soil are, however, required to test this hypothesis fully. In this experiment, rooted cuttings of Salix viminalis L. cv. Bowles Hybrid were grown in a 1 :2 mixture by volume of gamma-irradiated soil and sterile sand, with bicarbonateextractable P concentrations of 4, 6, 10, 21, 60 or 90 mg P kg'^. The cuttings were inoculated by mixing peat/vermiculite spawn oiLaccariaproximo (Boud.) Pat., or Thelephora terrestris (Ehrh.) Fr., or autoclaved spawn 1: 5 by volume with the soil: sand mixture. The plants showed a positive growth response to mycorrhizal infection by either fungus at the two lower P levels, and to L. proximo only at 10 mg P kg'^ At 21 mg kg^^ and above, infection was reduced and neither mycorrhizal inoculation nor further P additions caused significant growth increases. These results imply that the growth responses to ectomycorrhizas in this experiment were solely due to increases in P uptake. Cuttings infected with L. proximo tended to be larger than those infected by T. terrestris. Estimates of percent mycorrhizal infection did not diflFer between the fungi at the lower P levels. However, overall production of extramatrical hyphae per gram of soil was highest in soil inoculated with L. proximo. At 10 mg P kg~i the length of L. proximo hyphae per unit length of mycorrhizal root, P uptake per unit root weight, and total P content in plants infected with L. proximo were significantly higher than for T. terrestris. This study confirms that increased P uptake can be an important component of growth stimulation by ectomycorrhizas. It also presents the first quantification of extramatrical ectomycorrhizal hyphae in soil and suggests a role for them m the growth response.

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“…One explanation may be that fungicides were developed to control the diseases of crop plants rather than forest species (Duchesne et al 1989b). The use of ectomycorrhizal fungi, and of natural pesticides synthesized by ectomycorrhizal fungi, were demonstrated to be effective in the control of conifer root diseases in vitro (Duchesne et al 1988, 1989a, Kope et al 1990) and in greenhouse assays (Chakravarty et al 1990). This example shows that biocontrol agents, and possibly natural pesticides which they synthesize, offer new means of pest control.…”

Section: Desirable Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of biotechnology on forest ecosystems

Duchesne¹

1993

The Forestry Chronicle

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This paper discusses the potential risks and benefits that may be derived from present and future use of forest biotechnology in Canada. The complementary use of forest biotechnology along with traditional silvicultural programs has the potential to improve the quality of Canadian forests by promoting: increased forest productivity, a reduction of exploitation pressure on forest lands, an increase in gene conservation, and improved forest management. However, these benefits could also be followed by undesirable effects such as pest adaptation to control methods, non-target pest emergence, reduction of biodiversity, and genetic pollution. Measures that could be implemented to circumvent these potentially undesirable effects are discussed. Such measures should be based on a sound understanding of the ecological effects of biotechnology and should promote biotechnology use within programs of integrated forest management.

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Interaction between the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus and Pinus resinosa induces resistance to Fusarium oxysporum

Cited by 77 publications

References 10 publications

Protein synthesis in Pinus resinosa and the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus prior to ectomycorrhiza formation

Protein synthesis in Pinus resinosa and the ectomycorrhizal fungus Paxillus involutus prior to ectomycorrhiza formation

Phosphorus relationships and production of extrametrical hyphae by two types of willow ectomycorrhizas at different soil phosphorus levels

Impact of biotechnology on forest ecosystems

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