Interaction Between Piroxicam and Azithromycin During Distribution to Human Periodontal Tissues

Malizia, Tecla; Batoni, Giovanna; Ghelardi, Emilia; Baschiera, Fabio; Graziani, Filippo; Blandizzi, Corrado; Gabriele, Mario; Campa, Mario; Tacca, M. Del; Senesi, Sonia

doi:10.1902/jop.2000.72.9.1151

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…The concentration of azithromycin peaked 12 h after the last dose but the drug was still present after 6.5 d; azithromycin levels in pathological periodontal tissues were significantly higher than in normal gingiva up to 4.5 d after the last dose. The longevity of azithromycin in gingiva, alveolar bone and saliva has been confirmed previously (56), but the study only extended for 6.5 d.…”

Section: Clinical Periodontal Studies Of Azithromycinsupporting

confidence: 68%

Azithromycin in periodontal treatment: more than an antibiotic

Hirsch

Deng

Laohachai

2011

J of Periodontal Research

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Azithromycin is a macrolide antibiotic used extensively in medicine for the treatment of a wide range of infections such as upper respiratory tract infections, middle ear infections, sexually transmitted infections and trachoma. It is also effective against the most common periodontopathogens. The versatility of the macrolides extends beyond their antibiotic properties as a result of their well-documented immune-modulating/anti-inflammatory effects. Macrolides, including azithromycin, are therefore used to treat diseases not associated with bacteria, such as severe asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and, more recently, cystic fibrosis. Azithromycin is concentrated in neutrophils, macrophages and particularly fibroblasts; all of these cells are central players in the pathogenesis of most periodontal diseases. This paper reviews the diverse properties of azithromycin and the clinical periodontal studies of its effects in both the treatment of periodontitis and in resolving drug-related gingival overgrowth. Evidence exists to support the use of a single course of azithromycin in the treatment of advanced periodontal diseases. Azithromycin could have a triple role in the treatment and resolution of periodontal diseases: suppressing periodontopathogens, anti-inflammatory activity and healing through persistence at low levels in macrophages and fibroblasts in periodontal tissues, even after a single course of three tablets. If future periodontal research confirms these properties, it could become a valuable host-modulator in periodontal treatment.

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Section: Clinical Periodontal Studies Of Azithromycinsupporting

confidence: 68%

Azithromycin in periodontal treatment: more than an antibiotic

Hirsch

Deng

Laohachai

2011

J of Periodontal Research

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“…An open-label study of 66 patients in which patients were randomly assigned to one of three groups, concluded that co-administration of piroxicam and AZM interfered negatively with periodontal disposition, possibly by displacement of piroxicam of local acceptor sites at the level of periodontal tissues [144]. …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetic Drug Interactions of Antimicrobial Drugs: A Systematic Review on Oxazolidinones, Rifamycines, Macrolides, Fluoroquinolones, and Beta-Lactams

et al. 2011

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Like any other drug, antimicrobial drugs are prone to pharmacokinetic drug interactions. These drug interactions are a major concern in clinical practice as they may have an effect on efficacy and toxicity. This article provides an overview of all published pharmacokinetic studies on drug interactions of the commonly prescribed antimicrobial drugs oxazolidinones, rifamycines, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and beta-lactams, focusing on systematic research. We describe drug-food and drug-drug interaction studies in humans, affecting antimicrobial drugs as well as concomitantly administered drugs. Since knowledge about mechanisms is of paramount importance for adequate management of drug interactions, the most plausible underlying mechanism of the drug interaction is provided when available. This overview can be used in daily practice to support the management of pharmacokinetic drug interactions of antimicrobial drugs.

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“…In a research study, humans were treated with piroxicam while undergoing oral surgery, and this drug displayed important role in the prevention of infections and pain associated with periodontal surgery as well as in the adjunctive therapy of periodontal disease [18]. In another study it was noted that PX can significantly inhibit the development of gingival inflammation in beagle dogs [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%