Interaction between nonlinear electron waves

Huang, Danhong; Cardimona, D. A.; Singh, Anjali

doi:10.1016/s0375-9601(98)00248-5

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For an MQW system, we take J /l°[ SQA= 10 pA, leading to T,= 10ns and ü< §10 8 Hz. This justifies the calculation of the quantum-mechanical transmission of electrons through a biased barrier using the time-independent Schrödinger equation in an MQW system with O-1 Hz.…”

Section: Numerical Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonadiabatic effects in a self-consistent Hartree model for electrons under an ac electric field in multiple quantum wells

Huang

Cardimona

2003

Phys. Rev. B

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports (0704-0188), 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302. Respondents should be aware that notwithstanding any other provision of law, no person shall be subject to any penalty for failing to comply with a collection of information if it does not display a currently valid OMB control number. PLEASE DO NOT RETURN YOUR FORM TO THE ABOVE ADDRESS. REPORT DATE (DD-MM-YYYY) REPORT TYPE SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S) SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S) DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENTApproved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited. Published in Physical Review B 67, 245306 (2003) SUPPLEMENTARY NOTES ABSTRACTBy deriving a dynamical differential equation for the electron distribution function in the presence of a nonadiabatic sequential-tunneling current under an ac electric field through a multiple-quantum-well system, the self-consistent Hartree model is generalized for the calculation of electronic states with the inclusion of nonadiabatic effects (dependence on the time derivative of the applied ac electric field) in quantum wells. The influence of different doping profiles, temperatures, and amplitudes of an applied ac electric field on the electron distribution function and sequential tunneling are studied. This work provides a fully quantum-mechanical explanation to the previously proposed current-surge model to a leading-order approximation. By deriving a dynamical differential equation for the electron distribution function in the presence of a nonadiabatic sequential-tunneling current under an ac electric field through a multiple-quantum-well system, the self-consistent Hartree model is generalized for the calculation of electronic states with the inclusion of nonadiabatic effects (dependence on the time derivative of the applied ac electric field) in quantum wells. The influences of different doping profiles, temperatures, and amplitudes of an applied ac electric field on the electron distribution function and sequential tunneling are studied. This work provides a fully quantummechanical explanation to the previously proposed current-surge model to a leading-order approximation. SUBJECT TERMS

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Section: Numerical Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonadiabatic effects in a self-consistent Hartree model for electrons under an ac electric field in multiple quantum wells

Huang

Cardimona

2003

Phys. Rev. B

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“…7 During the sequential-tunneling process, an electron sees an instantaneous value of the electric field due to an extremely fast tunneling process (in the range of 1 ps) compared to the time (in the range of 1 ms-1 s) required for the appreciable change in £ b {t). In order to see an explicit time dependence of 7{E,£ b ), a microwave field with the oscillation frequency exceeding 1-10 MHz must be employed, where a time-dependent Schrodinger equation must be solved to include the time dependence in the transmission coefficient through a dynamical barrier.…”

Section: Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal hysteresis loop, dynamical breakdown, and emission-current spike in quantum-well photodetectors

Huang

Morath

Cardimona

et al. 2001

Journal of Applied Physics

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Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing this collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Department of Defense, Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information SPONSORING / MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSOR/MONITOR'S ACRONYM(S) SPONSOR/MONITOR'S REPORT NUMBER(S)12. DISTRIBUTION / AVAILABILITY STATEMENT Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited. 14. ABSTRACT A nonabiabatic sequential-tunneling model is developed and applied to explore the common origin of the transient behavior of electrons in quantum-well photodetectors in the presence of different time-dependent external sources, including device temperature, electric field, and incident optical flux. For the time-dependent temperature, a counterclockwise hysteresis loop in the tunneling current as a function of the swept temperature is predicted and attributed to a blockade or an enhancement of the sequential tunneling of electrons between quantum wells by the space-charge-field effect when the device temperature is swept up and then down. When a time-dependent electric field is applied, a dynamical breakdown of the photodetectors is predicted, where the peak of total current linearly increases with the frequency of an ac electric field from its static value under a dc field. This is due to the presence of an additional dielectric current, which is proportional to the oscillation frequency of the ac electric field and whose peak value becomes larger than the value of the saturated tunneling-current peak in the high-frequency domain. Under the dynamical-breakdown condition, the quantum-well photodetectors behave just like a uniform dielectric medium. In the presence of a time-dependent optical flux, an emission-current spike is predicted as a result of the dominant enhancement of the escape probability of electrons from quantum wells over the loss of electron density when an applied dc electric field is small. The experimental observations of the transient behavior of electrons in quantum-well photodetectors are successfully reproduced by our numerical calculations. A nonadiabatic sequential-tunneling model is developed and applied to explore the common origin of the transient behavior of electrons in quantum-well photodetectors in the presence of different time-dependent external sources, including device temperature, electric field, and incident optical flux. For the time-dependent temperature, a counterclockwise hysteresis loop in the tunneling current as a function of the swept temperature is predicted and attributed to a blockade or an enhancement of the sequential tunneling of electrons between quantum wells by the space-charge-field effect when the device temperat...

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Effects of structural disorders on sequential tunneling in multiple quantum wells

1999

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Interaction between nonlinear electron waves

Cited by 7 publications

References 16 publications

Nonadiabatic effects in a self-consistent Hartree model for electrons under an ac electric field in multiple quantum wells

Nonadiabatic effects in a self-consistent Hartree model for electrons under an ac electric field in multiple quantum wells

Thermal hysteresis loop, dynamical breakdown, and emission-current spike in quantum-well photodetectors

Effects of structural disorders on sequential tunneling in multiple quantum wells

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