Interaction Between Diet and the Response of Ruminants to Metabolism Modifiers

Buttery, P. J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-408-04150-8.50017-7

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…As informações disponíveis, no Brasil, sobre os requisitos de macroelementos minerais para bovinos de corte, segundo Silva (1995), não são uniformes. Buttery (1996) atribuiu parte dos resultados inconsistentes a erros na predição dos requisitos de minerais.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Composição Corporal e Requisitos Líquidos e Dietéticos de Macroelementos Minerais de Bovinos Nelore Não-Castrados

Silva¹,

Filho²,

Ítavo

et al. 2002

R. Bras. Zootec.

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RESUMO -Foram utilizados 40 novilhos Nelore inteiros, com peso vivo médio inicial de 240 kg, sendo quatro novilhos de referência, quatro alimentados para mantença e o restante distribuído em oito tratamentos, com quatro diferentes níveis de concentrado nas dietas (20, 40, 60 e 80%) e dois níveis de proteína bruta (PB) (15 e 18%). A fase de recria foi avaliada até 360 kg de peso vivo e a fase de engorda, até 450 kg de peso vivo. O volumoso utilizado foi feno de gramímea Cynodon dactylon (L) Pears. cultivar Tifton 85. Após o abate, todas as partes do corpo do animal foram pesadas e amostradas. As amostras foram liofilizadas para determinação de matéria seca, pré-desengorduradas com éter e, posteriormente, moídas e determinados os teores de macroelementos minerais. Os conteúdos de proteína, gordura e energia retidos no corpo foram estimados por meio de equações de regressão do logaritmo do conteúdo corporal dos macroelementos minerais, em função do logaritmo do peso de corpo vazio (PCVZ). Derivando-se as equações de predição do conteúdo corporal dos macroelementos minerais, em função do logaritmo do PCVZ, foram obtidas as exigências líquidas destes, para ganho de 1 kg de PCVZ, a partir de equação Y' = b. 10 a . X b-1 , sendo a e b a intercepta e o coeficiente de regressão, respectivamente, das equações de predição dos conteúdos corporais dos macroelementos minerais. Houve diminuição nas concentrações dos cinco macroelementos estudados no corpo vazio e no ganho de corpo vazio, com a elevação do peso vivo. As relações g Ca/100 g de proteína retida e g P/100 g de proteína retida foram iguais a 6,44 e 4,78.Palavras-chave: exigências, macrominerais, Nelore Body Composition and Net and Dietary Macrominerals Requirements of Nellore BullsABSTRACT -Forty Nellore bulls, with 240 kg initial live weight (LW), were used. Four were reference bulls, four were fed for maintenance, and the remaining were allotted to eight treatments, with four different concentrate levels in the diets (20, 40, 60, and 80%) and two levels of crude protein (CP) (15 and 18%). The growing phase was evaluated up to 360 kg of LW and the fattening phase, up to 450 kg of LW. Cynodon dactylon (L) Pears. (cv Tyfton 85) grass hay was used as roughage. After slaughter, all animal body parts were weighed and sampled. The samples were freeze dried to determine the dry matter, pre-degreased with ether, grinded and the concentrations of macrominerals were determined. The Ca, P, Na and Mg contents in the body were determined in function of their concentrations in the several body parts. The macrominerals contents retained in the body were determined by regression equations of the logarithm of the macrominerals contents in the body, in function of the logarithm of empty body weight (EBW). By deriving the prediction equations of macrominerals body content, in function of the logarithm of empty body weight (EBW), the net macrominerals requirements, for gains of 1 kg of EBW, were obtained by means of the equation Y' = b. 10 a . X b-1 , being "a" and "b" the intercep...

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Section: Introductionunclassified

Composição Corporal e Requisitos Líquidos e Dietéticos de Macroelementos Minerais de Bovinos Nelore Não-Castrados

Silva¹,

Filho²,

Ítavo

et al. 2002

R. Bras. Zootec.

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“…Os trabalhos publicados no Brasil sobre exigênci-as minerais para bovinos de corte (Margon, 1981;Ezequiel, 1987;Lana, 1991;Pires, 1991;Soares, 1994;Estrada, 1996;Ferreira et al, 1999;Paulino et al, 1999;Véras, 2000, entre outros) não são uniformes (Silva, 1995), provavelmente devido a erros na predição das exigências, conforme Buttery (1996).…”

Section: R Bras Zootec V31 N3 P1294-1301 2002unclassified

Composição corporal e exigências líquidas e dietéticas de macroelementos minerais de bovinos F1 Limousin x Nelore não-castrados

Veloso¹,

Filho²,

Júnior³

et al. 2002

R. Bras. Zootec.

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RESUMO -Foram utilizados 50 novilhos F1 Limousin x Nelore inteiros, alocados em dez tratamentos, com cinco níveis de concentrado (25; 37,5; 50; 62,5; e 75%) e duas formas de balanceamento protéico da dieta (uma isoprotéica com 12% de proteína bruta [PB] e outra variando proteína com energia). O volumoso utilizado foi feno de capim-Coastcross (Cynodon dactylon). Após o abate, todas as partes do corpo do animal foram pesadas e amostradas. As amostras foram secas, pré-desengorduradas com éter, moídas e foram determinados os teores de macroelementos minerais. O conteúdo corporal de Ca, P, Na, K e Mg foi determinado em função das concentrações destes nas várias partes do corpo. O conteúdo de macroelementos minerais retidos no corpo foi estimado por meio de equações de regressão do logaritmo do conteúdo corporal dos macroelementos minerais em função do logaritmo do peso de corpo vazio (PCVZ). As exigências líquidas dos macroelementos minerais, para ganho de 1 kg de PCVZ, foram obtidas utilizando a equação Y' = b. 10 a . X b-1 , sendo a e b o intercepto e o coeficiente de regressão, respectivamente, das equações de predição dos conteúdos corporais dos macroelementos minerais. Houve diminuição nas concentrações dos cinco macroelementos estudados no corpo vazio e no ganho de corpo vazio, com a elevação do peso vivo. As relações g Ca/100 g de proteína retida e g P/100 g de proteína retida foram iguais a 8,70 e 3,46, respectivamente.Palavras-chave: macrominerais, mestiços, níveis de concentrado, requisitos Body Composition and Net and Dietary Macrominerals Requirements of F1 Limousin x Nellore BullsABSTRACT -Fifty F1 Limousin x Nellore bulls were allotted to ten treatments, with five concentrate levels (25; 37.5; 50; 62.5 e 75%) and two diet protein balance methods (one isoprotein and the other changing protein as diet energy changed). The roughage used was Coastcross grass hay (Cynodon dactylon). After the slaughter, all animal body parts were weighted and sampled. The samples were dried, most of the fat was extracted with ether, grinded, and the concentrations of macrominerals were determined. Ca, P, Na, K and Mg contents in the body were determined as function of their concentrations in the several parts of the body. Macrominerals contents retained in the body were determined by regression equations of the logarithm of macrominerals contents in the body as function of the logarithm of empty body weight (EBW). By deriving the prediction equations of macrominerals body content as function of the logarithm of EBW, it was obtained the net macrominerals requirements, for gains of 1 kg EBW, through the equation Y' = b. 10 a . X b-1 , being "a" and "b" intercept and the regression coefficient, respectively, of the prediction equations of macrominerals contents in the body. There was a decrease in the empty body and in the gain of empty body concentrations for all macrominerals studied, with live weight increase. The relationship g Ca/100 g of retained protein and g P/100 g of retained protein were 8.70 and 3.46, respectively.

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Biotechnology — the possibilities

Robinson¹,

McEvoy²

1993

Anim. Sci.

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A review of recent trends in animal science is used to provide a flavour of how, from a purely technical viewpoint, evolving biotechnology may influence animal production systems in the foreseeable future. The areas considered are: the nutritive value of foods and forages, animal health and welfare, the temporary alteration of production traits to meet an immediate goal, and the permanent alteration of traits to meet an immediate goal, and the permanent alteration of traits by genetic selection or by the production of transgenic animals. In improving the nutritive value of foods, modern biotechnology has produced food grade enzymes and amino acid supplements. Genetically engineered cereals, grasses and legumes, rich in essential amino acids, are on the horizon. In disease prevention, genetically engineered vaccines may be preferable to conventional ones in that they have a defined composition, with a degree of control during manufacture which allows amino acid substitution within the peptide to confer specificity to a particular serotype.Modern techniques with the potential to promote a transitory alteration in a production trait involve either immunization against an inhibitory biochemical pathway or active promotion of a stimulatory pathway by the administration of recombinant-derived hormones and proteins. Strategies for permanent alteration of traits by gene transfer, initially directed to enhancing growth, are now shifting in emphasis towards the transfer of genes for enhanced nutrient digestion, disease resistance, and improved product quality. The role of recombinant DNA technology in the development of diagnostic probes for use in genetic selection programmes and in the monitoring of disease is also expanding rapidly.In all areas of animal science, molecular biology is promoting a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms that control production. By so doing it should ensure that science fulfils its primary rôle of providing animal production industries with a range of options from which to choose the most acceptable way forward.

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Interaction Between Diet and the Response of Ruminants to Metabolism Modifiers

Cited by 3 publications

References 28 publications

Composição Corporal e Requisitos Líquidos e Dietéticos de Macroelementos Minerais de Bovinos Nelore Não-Castrados

Composição Corporal e Requisitos Líquidos e Dietéticos de Macroelementos Minerais de Bovinos Nelore Não-Castrados

Composição corporal e exigências líquidas e dietéticas de macroelementos minerais de bovinos F1 Limousin x Nelore não-castrados

Biotechnology — the possibilities

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