Interaction between behavioral inhibition and neural alcohol cue-reactivity in ADHD and alcohol use disorder

Vollstädt‐Klein, Sabine; Gerhardt, Sarah; Lee, A; Strosche, Alicia; Sharafi, G; Nuriyeva, R; Seidt, J; Hennig, Oliver; Alm, Barbara; Hermann, Derik; Sommer, Wolfgang; Kiefer, Falk; Luderer, Mathias; Sobanski, Esther

doi:10.1007/s00213-020-05492-1

Cited by 18 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Participants were recruited from the Adult ADHD Inpatient Program at the Median Clinics for Psychosomatics, Bad Dürkheim, Germany (sample A) and from the Adult ADHD Outpatient Clinics and the Department of Addictive Behavior and Addiction Medicine at the Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannheim, Germany (sample B) after obtaining informed consent. Individuals of sample B also participated in the AlcADHD study (for details please see [9]). Study procedures were approved by the local Ethics Committee (2015-571 N-MA, 2013-530 N-MA).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All individuals were fluent in German. All patients with ADHD underwent a standardized diagnostic procedure of adult ADHD according to German Guidelines [10,11], individuals of sample B (ADHD, Alcohol Use Disorder [AUD], healthy controls) underwent a standardized study diagnostic assessment [9]. ADHD was diagnosed by senior psychiatrists experienced in adult ADHD (B.A., E.S).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation of the German Version of the Mind Excessively Wandering Scale (MEWS-G)

Nakovics

Benoit²,

Asherson

et al. 2021

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr

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Increasing evidence shows that unintentional mind wandering is linked to Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and that its frequency contributes to symptom severity and functional impairment in ADHD. However, empirical data on mind wandering in adult ADHD are still scarce, and a validated scale to assess mind wandering in German adult ADHD patients is lacking. The primary aim of this study is to assess the psychometric properties of the German version of the recently published Mind Excessively Wandering Scale (MEWS-G) in terms of factorial structure and factor stability, internal consistency and construct validity. Analyses were performed in 128 adults with ADHD, clinical and healthy controls. As described for the original English 15-item version of the scale, we found lowest item-total-correlations for items 6, 10 and 14 with item-total correlation of all: 0.54/ADHD: 0.32 (item 6), all: 0.55/ADHD: 0.39 (item 10) and all: 0.11/ADHD: −0.04 (item 14). Item-total correlations for the remaining items were 0.65–0.86 and Cronbach Alpha was 0.96 indicating good internal consistency of the 12-item version of scale, on which we based all further analyses. Principal component analysis indicated a one- and two- factorial scale structure respectively explaining 71.7 % and 78.7 % of variance. Both factors showed good stability with lower stability of the factor-2 solution if sample size was reduced. The two-factorial solution also had many cross-loadings and a strong correlation of both factors in confirmatory factorial analysis (rf1f2 = 0.87). It probably describes related and interdependent, but not distinct facets of mind wandering, which strongly argues for the one factorial structure of the scale. Mean MEWS-G score in ADHD was 23.77 ± 7.85 compared to 7.64 ± 7.27 in controls (p < .0001). According to ROC, the optimal cut-off point to discriminate ADHD and controls is at MEWS-G score = 13. On the symptom level, MEWS-G score was correlated with ADHD, depressive and total psychiatric symptom scores, on the personality level with neuroticsm and negatively with conscientiousness and on the functional level with social interaction difficulties and impaired self-efficacy. In summary, our study shows that MEWS-G is a reliable, valid instrument to assess spontaneous mind wandering in adult ADHD and to discriminate between ADHD and controls.

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of the German Version of the Mind Excessively Wandering Scale (MEWS-G)

Nakovics

Benoit²,

Asherson

et al. 2021

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr

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“…Interference inhibition did not lead to significant differences between ADHD or AUD and HC, although previous studies reported hypoactivation in networks related to attention, such as the anterior cingulate cortex, sensory and parietal regions ( 35 ), for ADHD compared to HC. In a different paradigm, our workgroup also did not observe neural alterations during interference inhibition in AUD compared to ADHD or HC, when considering only the neutral condition ( 52 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…It should also be noted that some studies apply interference inhibition task that are combined with salient substance-related stimuli. The interaction of both, task and stimulus, leads to more pronounced results ( 52 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When integrating our results into previous literature, one has to bear in mind that most reviews or meta-analyses combine different response inhibition tasks or stimulus modalities [e.g., ( 29 , 36 , 37 , 43 )]. Representing a higher ecological validity, tasks combining inhibition paradigms with alcohol-related cues ( 39 , 52 , 58 , 60 ) might also lead to diverging findings. Furthermore, numerous studies in individuals with AUD do not assess ADHD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Stop What You're Doing!—An fMRI Study on Comparisons of Neural Subprocesses of Response Inhibition in ADHD and Alcohol Use Disorder

et al. 2021

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Rationale: Both attention deficit-/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are accompanied by deficits in response inhibition. Furthermore, the prevalence of comorbidity of ADHD and AUD is high. However, there is a lack of research on whether the same neuronal subprocesses of inhibition (i.e., interference inhibition, action withholding and action cancellation) exhibit deficits in both psychiatric disorders.Methods: We examined these three neural subprocesses of response inhibition in patient groups and healthy controls: non-medicated individuals with ADHD (ADHD; N = 16), recently detoxified and abstinent individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD; N = 15), and healthy controls (HC; N = 15). A hybrid response inhibition task covering interference inhibition, action withholding, and action cancellation was applied using a 3T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).Results: Individuals with ADHD showed an overall stronger hypoactivation in attention related brain areas compared to AUD or HC during action withholding. Further, this hypoactivation was more accentuated during action cancellation. Individuals with AUD recruited a broader network, including the striatum, compared to HC during action withholding. During action cancellation, however, they showed hypoactivation in motor regions. Additionally, specific neural activation profiles regarding group and subprocess became apparent.Conclusions: Even though deficits in response inhibition are related to both ADHD and AUD, neural activation and recruited networks during response inhibition differ regarding both neuronal subprocesses and examined groups. While a replication of this study is needed in a larger sample, the results suggest that tasks have to be carefully selected when examining neural activation patterns of response inhibition either in research on various psychiatric disorders or transdiagnostic questions.

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Attention‐deficit hyperactivity symptoms and risk of alcohol use relapse

Kawata

Sugihara

Kakibuchi³

et al. 2022

Neuropsychopharm Rep

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Aim Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is frequently accompanied by comorbid attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Comorbid ADHD has been reported to increase the severity of AUD. We investigated whether ADHD severity also influences AUD relapse risk at baseline and after inpatient treatment. Methods In this study, 187 AUD patients admitted to Narimasu Kosei Hospital from October 2019 to March 2021 were included in the analysis. According to the Adult ADHD Self‐Report Scale (ASRS), participants were divided into two groups: ASRS+ with ADHD characteristics (n = 43) and ASRS− with low/no ADHD characteristics (n = 144). Groups were compared for AUD relapse risk at the start of treatment (baseline) and before hospital discharge using the multidimensional Alcohol Relapse Risk Scale (ARRS). The change in relapse risk during hospitalization was also compared by assessment of the interaction between groups (ASRS+ vs. ASRS−) and time (at discharge vs. baseline). Results The total ARRS score and dimension subscores for stimulus‐induced vulnerability and emotionality problems were significantly higher in the ASRS+ group at baseline and before discharge compared to the ASRS− group. There was a significant group × time interaction indicating less improvement of stimulus‐induced vulnerability during inpatient treatment among the ASRS+ group compared to the ASRS− group. Conclusions Our findings suggest that AUD patients with ADHD characteristics have a higher risk of relapse both at baseline and after inpatient treatment. Stimulus‐induced vulnerability to relapse is less likely to improve with treatment in patients with ADHD characteristics.

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Interaction between behavioral inhibition and neural alcohol cue-reactivity in ADHD and alcohol use disorder

Cited by 18 publications

References 93 publications

Validation of the German Version of the Mind Excessively Wandering Scale (MEWS-G)

Validation of the German Version of the Mind Excessively Wandering Scale (MEWS-G)

Stop What You're Doing!—An fMRI Study on Comparisons of Neural Subprocesses of Response Inhibition in ADHD and Alcohol Use Disorder

Attention‐deficit hyperactivity symptoms and risk of alcohol use relapse

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