Interações Entre Memória Operacional E Criatividade: Revisão Sistemática

Abstract

RESUMO.A criatividade e a memória operacional são marcadores de sucesso acadêmico e profissional. Paradoxalmente, estudos correlacionais nem sempre encontram associações entre esses constructos, algumas pesquisas evidenciam associações positivas entre os mesmos, e outras, associações negativas. Provavelmente, os achados contraditórios decorrem de parâmetros distintos, sendo importante identificá-los para uma compreensão mais coerente de tais relações. Assim, esta revisão sistemática de literatura teve como objetivo responder às questões: "Qual a relação entre memória operacional e criatividade? Processos mnemônicos de atualização e de recordação serial interferem igualmente na produção de pensamento convergente ou divergente?" Para tanto, um levantamento com descritores específicos gerou 384 artigos encontrados nas bases de dados da Scopus, Web of Science e Pubmed, dos quais, foram selecionados 15 estudos. Apesar da variabilidade metodológica apresentada entre os estudos selecionados, os resultados encontrados sugerem associações entre memória operacional e criatividade, que se explicam pelos processos atencionais, inibitórios, analíticos e motivacionais envolvidos. A revisão sistemática desses estudos permitiu concluir que as características das tarefas experimentais para estudo da criatividade e de memória operacional utilizadas podem influenciar nos resultados obtidos de tal associação. Depreende-se, também, que a sobrecarga de memória operacional pode prejudicar o desempenho criativo.Palavras-chave: Memória operacional; criatividade; pensamento divergente. INTERACTIONS BETWEEN WORKING MEMORY AND CREATIVITY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEWABSTRACT. Creativity and working memory are academic and professional success markers. Paradoxically, correlational studies do not always find associations between these constructs; some studies show positive associations between them and others show negative associ ations. Probably, the contradictory findings arise from different parameters, because of that it is important to identify them in order to have a more coherent understanding of this relationship. Thus, this systematic literature review aimed to answer the questions: "What is the relationship between working memory and creativity? Do update and serial recall mnemonic processes also interfere in the production of convergent or divergent thinking?" For this purpose, a survey of specific descriptors generated 3 84 articles found in Scopus, Web of Science and Pubmed databases, from which fifteen studies were selected. Despite the methodological variability between the selected studies, the results found suggest association s between working memory and creativity, which are explained by the attentional, inhibitory, analytical and motivational processes involved. A systematic review of these studies concluded that the characteristics of experimental tasks to study creativity and working memory used can influence the results of this association. It is also possible to infer that working memory overload can impair creative performance.

Disentangling Working Memory Functioning in Mood States of Bipolar Disorder: A Systematic Review

“…Once n-back tasks and complex span tasks apparently evaluate different processes (Ribeiro et al, submitted; Kane et al, 2007), WM researches should consider the differences between tasks and how they affect the result explanations (Redick and Lindsey, 2013; Remoli and Santos, 2017). That seems to be crucial for explaining the outcomes and for the replication of future studies (Ribeiro et al, submitted).…”

“…Currently, complex span tasks and n-back tasks are the most used WM measures (Miyake and Shah, 1999), since both require storing and maintain the information of a set of stimuli, and inhibiting interference of the signals recently presented (St Clair-Thompson and Gathercole, 2006). But there are dissimilarities, complex span tasks request keeping a serial order in mind at the same time of an ongoing cognitive task (Daneman and Merikle, 1996; Unsworth and Engle, 2007; Conway and Kovacs, 2013), while n-back tasks demand a constant updating of the relevant information (Kane et al, 2008; Wilhelm et al, 2013; Remoli and Santos, 2017). Apart from that, there are low correlations between n-back tasks and complex span tasks leading a conclusion that both evaluate different processes of WM (Kane et al, 2008; Redick and Lindsey, 2013), particularly concerning to the influence of emotional states (Ribeiro et al, submitted).…”