Inter-Relationships Between Morphine and Codeine in the Indian Genetic Resources of Opium Poppy

Bajpai, S. P.; Gupta, Ajai Prakash; Gupta, Madan M.; Kumar, Sushil

doi:10.1300/j044v08n04_08

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However, morphine showed significant but negative association with codeine, thebaine and papaverine. Contrary to this, Bajpai et al (2000Bajpai et al ( , 2001 reported positive correlation between morphine and codeine. Considering the biosynthetic pathways of these alkaloids, our studies have valid reason responsible for the association among these alkaloids.…”

Section: Correlation Coefficient Analysismentioning

confidence: 87%

Genetic Variability and Interrelationship Among Opium and its Alkaloids in Opium Poppy (Papaver Somniferum L.)

2006

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The plant species Papaver somniferum L. (opium poppy) is grown commercially in several countries under secure area to produce opium and its major alkaloids i.e. morphine, codeine, thebaine, narcotine and papaverine for pharmaceutical industries. In recent years the global demand for these alkaloids and its derivatives are growing. Seeing the global demand there is urgent need to develop high opium yielding varieties integrated with high specific alkaloids. However, a breeding programme focused on developing improved varieties requires knowledge about the genetic variability for the concern traits. Therefore the present investigation was undertaken to examine phenotypic and genotypic variability, broad sense heritability, genetic advance under selection and interrelationship of traits. A total of 122 accessions were found to be highly variables for all the traits studied. Broad sense heritability ranged from 74.18% (for opium yield/plant) to 99.00% (for papaverine content). Expected genetic advance was varied between 33.91% (for morphine content) and 257.46% (for papaverine content). Genetic correlation analysis revealed that opium yield is negatively correlated with morphine and papaverine content. Among alkaloids codeine, thebaine, narcotine and papaverine showed positive correlation among themselves. The correlations among alklaloids were justified based on the biosynthetic pathway of opium alkaloids.

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Section: Correlation Coefficient Analysismentioning

confidence: 87%

Genetic Variability and Interrelationship Among Opium and its Alkaloids in Opium Poppy (Papaver Somniferum L.)

2006

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“…Considerable poppy genetic diversity has been reported in several countries including India, Turkey, Czech Republic, and Australia (Saunders et al ., 2001; Celik et al ., 2016; Lahiri et al ., 2018; Srivastava et al ., 2020; Svoboda et al ., 2020). Germplasm collections of varying sizes exist in some of these countries (Bajpai et al ., 2001; Prajapati et al ., 2002; Celik et al ., 2016; Lahiri et al ., 2018). Additionally, a substantial number of poppy genetic resources are currently maintained as seeds in global genebanks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considerable poppy genetic diversity has been reported in several countries including India, Turkey, Czech Republic, and Australia [13][14][15][16][17] . Germplasm collections of varying sizes exist in some of these countries 14,15,18,19 . Additionally, a substantial number of poppy genetic resources are currently maintained as seeds in global genebanks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Insights into opium poppy (Papaver spp.) genetic diversity from genotyping-by-sequencing analysis

Hong

Tamiru‐Oli

Hurgobin

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum) is one of the world's oldest medicinal plants and a versatile model system to study secondary metabolism. However, our knowledge of its genetic diversity is limited, restricting utilization of the available germplasm for research and crop improvement. We used genotyping-by-sequencing to investigate the level of genetic diversity and population structure in a collection of poppy germplasm consisting of 91 accessions originating in 30 countries of Europe, North Africa, America, and Asia. We identified five genetically distinct subpopulations. Although the accessions were from geographically diverse regions, no strong association was detected between geographic origin and subpopulation at regional and sub-regional levels. However, most accessions obtained from the same country were grouped together as genetically distinct, likely a consequence of the restriction on movement of poppy germplasm. Phylogenetic analysis identified clades that were largely consistent with the subpopulations detected. Clades could be differentiated broadly based on capsule dehiscence, plant stature and seed weight, traits believed to be associated with poppy domestication. Our study determined that the genetically diverse collection was likely composed of both wild and cultivated forms. This has direct implications for germplasm management and utilization of the available diversity for genetic improvement of poppy.

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“…Another opportunity here for the creation of morphine is the biosynthetic path leading from thebaine through oripavine to morphinone (for example Balazova and Psenak, 1998). In this regard, Bajpai et al (2001) evaluated the mutual relation of the morphine and codeine content in some Indian genotypes. Morphine is first created in the root, then in cotyledons and true leaves and finally in the stem and capsule.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Selected Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) Cultivars: Industrial Aspect

Skalický¹,

Hejnák²,

Novák³

et al. 2014

Turkish Journal of Field Crops

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Fifty-six genotypes (usually cultivars) of various origins, from twelve countries, were analysed for morphine production and significant characteristics of the capsule. The Saaty's method was used to analyse the aspect of morphine production and significant characteristics of the capsule, comparing those values representing significant indicators for that production and the content of morphine in poppy straw. This covered the relation to ideotype ('ideotype cultivar') of poppy, with 100% values in the monitored indicators. In the case of white-seed poppies, generally with a lower content of morphine, in three cultivars (´Pulawski bialy´, ´Bělosemenný´, ´Bulharský slepák bílý´) the value of the industrial indicator was determine over 50% and the content of morphine over 0.50% in the poppy straw. In the set of blue-seed cultivars with three production levels, four cultivars were found with values exceeding 80% of the industrial indicator and morphine in poppy straw over 0.90%. In the set of grey-seed cultivars, four production levels were identified based on the values of morphine and the industrial indicator, while the first two showed good values for production -at least 0.52% of morphine in poppy straw and 50% of the industrial indicator (for example ´Soproni tef´, ´Šarišský´).

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Inter-Relationships Between Morphine and Codeine in the Indian Genetic Resources of Opium Poppy

Cited by 9 publications

References 4 publications

Genetic Variability and Interrelationship Among Opium and its Alkaloids in Opium Poppy (Papaver Somniferum L.)

Genetic Variability and Interrelationship Among Opium and its Alkaloids in Opium Poppy (Papaver Somniferum L.)

Insights into opium poppy (Papaver spp.) genetic diversity from genotyping-by-sequencing analysis

Evaluation of Selected Poppy (Papaver somniferum L.) Cultivars: Industrial Aspect

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