Inter- and intra-observer agreement of Prechtl's method on the qualitative assessment of general movements in preterm, term and young infants

Bernhardt, Iris; Marbacher, M.; Hilfiker, Roger; Radlinger, Lorenz

doi:10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2011.04.017

Cited by 41 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We showed that absent as well as atypical fidgety movements were associated with poorer cognitive outcome. An association between general movements and later cognitive development in infants born preterm at preschool and school age has also been previously reported . In addition to these previous studies, our results underline that atypical spontaneous motor activity at an early age might not only be predictive for motor, but also for cognitive development.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Atypical writhing movements are associated with worse motor outcomes, whereas atypical fidgety movements associate worse motor outcome with poor cognitive and language performance at 2 years and 4 years of age . However, this method largely depends on professional experience and shows considerable intra‐ and interobserver variability . Few reports have been published on the practicability and predictive value for a large sample of infants born preterm in a general clinical setting …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fidgety movements in infants born very preterm: predictive value for cerebral palsy in a clinical multicentre setting

Datta

Furrer

Bernhardt

et al. 2017

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fidgety movements in infants born very preterm: predictive value for cerebral palsy in a clinical multicentre setting

Datta

Furrer

Bernhardt

et al. 2017

Develop Med Child Neuro

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“…The majority of studies indicated a relative good interrater reliability for the clinical GMA . However, the interrater reliability in our study was only moderate, which corresponds to the findings in a recent study . The moderate reliability in the present study could be explained by the fact that the majority of assessors in the current study participated in the study shortly after their first training in GMA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Computer‐based analysis of general movements reveals stereotypies predicting cerebral palsy

Philippi

Karch

Kang

et al. 2014

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Aim To evaluate a kinematic paradigm of automatic general movements analysis in comparison to clinical assessment in 3‐month‐old infants and its prediction for neurodevelopmental outcome. Method Preterm infants at high risk (n=49; 26 males, 23 females) and term infants at low risk (n=18; eight males, 10 females) of developmental impairment were recruited from hospitals around Heidelberg, Germany. Kinematic analysis of general movements by magnet tracking and clinical video‐based assessment of general movements were performed at 3 months of age. Neurodevelopmental outcome was evaluated at 2 years. By comparing the general movements of small samples of children with and without cerebral palsy (CP), we developed a kinematic paradigm typical for infants at risk of developing CP. We tested the validity of this paradigm as a tool to predict CP and neurodevelopmental impairment. Results Clinical assessment correctly identified almost all infants with neurodevelopmental impairment including CP, but did not predict if the infant would be affected by CP or not. The kinematic analysis, in particular the stereotypy score of arm movements, was an excellent predictor of CP, whereas stereotyped repetitive movements of the legs predicted any neurodevelopmental impairment. Interpretation The automatic assessment of the stereotypy score by magnet tracking in 3‐month‐old spontaneously moving infants at high risk of developmental abnormalities allowed a valid detection of infants affected and unaffected by CP.

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“…In 2007, Yang et al [28] conducted a reliability study on the global GMA in 58 high-risk Chinese infants and obtained ICCs of 0.97 to 0.99, and a re-test ICC of 0.69. Whereas agreement between experienced scorers was excellent, beginners were only moderately reliable [28]; similar results were reported in Switzerland [29]. There has only been one reliability study on detailed GMA to reveal ICCs > 0.87, which indicates that the assessment of the four scorers was reliable [15].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 54%

Very low birth weight infants in China: the predictive value of the motor repertoire at 3 to 5months for the motor performance at 12months

Zang

Yang

Han³

et al. 2016

Early Human Development

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BackgroundStudies on motor performance and its early markers are rare in China, especially in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.ObjectiveApart from the assessment of the inter-scorer agreement, we aimed to analyze to what extent the motor repertoire at 10 to 18 weeks postterm was related to neonatal complications, and gross and fine motor performance at 12 months after term.Study designExploratory prospective study.SubjectsSeventy-four VLBW infants (58 males; mean gestational age = 29 weeks; mean birth weight = 1252 g).MethodFive-minute video recordings were performed at 10 to 18 weeks after term; fidgety movements and the concurrent motor patterns (resulting in a motor optimality score) were assessed according to the Prechtl general movements assessment (GMA). The gross and fine motor performance was assessed by means of the Peabody Developmental Motor Scales, second edition, at 12 months.ResultsReliability was excellent. Pneumonia was associated with absent fidgety movements; the motor optimality score was lower in infants with pneumonia and/or bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Both absent fidgety movements and a lower motor optimality score were associated with a poor or very poor gross and fine motor performance at the 12-month-assessment.ConclusionBoth the assessment of fidgety movements and the evaluation of the concurrent motor repertoire contribute significantly to an identification of VLBW children with a poor gross and fine motor outcome at 12 months. The results of this study document the need for an early identification of infants at high risk for a poor motor performance.

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Inter- and intra-observer agreement of Prechtl's method on the qualitative assessment of general movements in preterm, term and young infants

Cited by 41 publications

References 27 publications

Fidgety movements in infants born very preterm: predictive value for cerebral palsy in a clinical multicentre setting

Fidgety movements in infants born very preterm: predictive value for cerebral palsy in a clinical multicentre setting

Computer‐based analysis of general movements reveals stereotypies predicting cerebral palsy

Very low birth weight infants in China: the predictive value of the motor repertoire at 3 to 5months for the motor performance at 12months

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