Inter- and intra-individual variability of paired-pulse curves with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)

Maeda, Fumiko; Gangitano, Massimo; Thall, Mark; Pascual‐Leone, Álvaro

doi:10.1016/s1388-2457(02)00008-1

Cited by 170 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The conditioning stimulus was set to 80% and the test stimulus (TS) to 120% rMT. Interstimulus intervals (ISIs) studied were 2 and 12 ms (31,38). Trials consisted of randomly intermixed conditions (two different ISIs and TS alone) with 10 stimuli at each condition.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of short-term hypoxia on motor cortex excitability and neuromuscular activation

Szubski¹,

Burtscher²,

Löscher³

2006

Journal of Applied Physiology

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Szubski, Christoph, Martin Burtscher, and Wolfgang N. Lö scher. The effects of short-term hypoxia on motor cortex excitability and neuromuscular activation. J Appl Physiol 101: 1673-1677, 2006. First published August 17, 2006 doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00617.2006.-The effects of acute hypoxia on motor cortex excitability, force production, and voluntary activation were studied using single-and double-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation techniques in 14 healthy male subjects. Electrical supramaximal stimulations of the right ulnar nerve were performed, and transcranial magnetic stimulations were delivered to the first dorsal interosseus motor cortex area during short-term hypoxic (HX) and normoxic (NX) condition. M waves, voluntary activation, F waves, resting motor threshold (rMT), recruitment curves (100 -140% of rMT), and short-interval intracortical inhibition and intracortical facilitation were measured. Moreover, motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) and cortical silent periods were determined during brief isometric maximum right index finger abductions. Hypoxia was induced by breathing a fraction of inspired oxygen of 12% via a face mask. M waves, voluntary activation, and F waves did not differ between NX and HX. The rMT was significantly lower in HX (55.79 Ϯ 9.40%) than in NX (57.50 Ϯ 10.48%) (P Ͻ 0.01), whereas MEP recruitment curve, short-interval intracortical inhibition, intracortical facilitation, maximum right index finger abduction, and MEPs were unaffected by HX. In contrast, the cortical silent periods in HX (158.21 Ϯ 33.96 ms) was significantly shortened compared with NX (169.42 Ϯ 39.69 ms) (P Ͻ 0.05). These data demonstrate that acute hypoxia results in increased cortical excitability and suggest that acute hypoxia alters motor cortical ion-channel function and GABAergic transmission. transcranial magnetic stimulation; voluntary activation; cortical silent period STUDIES OF HYPOXIA-INDUCED CHANGES in central nervous system function have primarily focused on behavioral parameters and revealed impairments in psychomotor skills (25, 43) and cognitive performances (24,29,32). In addition to these deteriorations in performance, evidence of slowed visual and auditory reaction time has been demonstrated in experimental conditions corresponding to an altitude of ϳ6,100 m (15, 16).Numerous in vitro studies on central neurons strongly suggested that reduced arterial oxygen saturation impairs central nervous system function (34). In particular, the cerebral neuron excitability critically depends on sufficient O 2 supply, but hypoxia may not only compromise ion channels but also signaling pathways and neurotransmitter function (22,35). So far, most of our knowledge about the processes underlying hypoxia-induced alterations of neuronal excitability and synaptic neurotransmission has been gained from in vitro patchclamped studies.As yet, in vivo studies addressing the functional consequences of reduced O 2 supply to the neuromuscular system have primarily focused on effects on muscle force generation (13), endu...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of short-term hypoxia on motor cortex excitability and neuromuscular activation

Szubski¹,

Burtscher²,

Löscher³

2006

Journal of Applied Physiology

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“…Asymmetry appears to be present in cortical maps (larger maps on the dominant hemisphere) (Cicinelli et al, 1997); the CSP (shorter duration when the dominant motor cortex is stimulated) (Priori et al, 1999); and interhemispheric inhibition using the two-coil paired pulse paradigm (greater inhibition when the conditioning stimulus is delivered to the dominant hemisphere) (Netz et al, 1995). Reports show conflicting data as to whether there is functional asymmetry of SICI/ICF (Cicinelli et al, 2000;Civardi et al, 2000;Ilic et al, 2004;Maeda et al, 2002).…”

Section: Age-related Changes In Asymmetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcranial magnetic stimulation in children

Garvey

Mall

2008

Clinical Neurophysiology

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Developmental disabilities (e.g. attention deficit disorder; cerebral palsy) are frequently associated with deviations of the typical pattern of motor skill maturation. Neurophysiologic tools, such as transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), which probe motor cortex function, can potentially provide insights into both typical neuromotor maturation and the mechanisms underlying the motor skill deficits in children with developmental disabilities. These insights may set the stage for finding effective interventions for these disorders. We review the literature pertaining to the use of TMS in pediatrics. Most TMS-evoked parameters show age-related changes in typically developing children and some of these are abnormal in a number of childhood-onset neurological disorders. Although no TMS-evoked parameters are diagnostic for any disorder, changes in certain parameters appear to reflect disease burden or may provide a measure of treatment-related improvement. Furthermore, TMS may be especially useful when combined with other neurophysiologic modalities (e.g. fMRI). However, much work remains to be done to determine if TMS-evoked parameters can be used as valid and reliable biomarkers for disease-burden, the natural history of neurological injury and repair, and the efficacy of pharmacological and rehabilitation interventions.

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“…Determination of ISIs-It has been reported by some that the ideal ISI for inhibition is 2.5-5 (26) while other studies demonstrate that ISIs of 1 ms elicit maximal inhibition (27,28). We conducted a battery of tests with ISIs between 1 -5 ms.…”

Section: Preliminary Work To Establish Testing and Training Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracortical inhibition and facilitation with unilateral dominant, unilateral nondominant and bilateral movement tasks in left- and right-handed adults

Waller

Forrester

Villagra

et al. 2008

Journal of the Neurological Sciences

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Purpose-To investigate intracortical inhibition and facilitation in response to unilateral dominant, nondominant and bilateral biceps activation and short-term upper extremity training in right and left-handed adults.Methods-Paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation was used to measure intracortical excitability in motor dominant and nondominant cortices of 26 nondisabled adults. Neural facilitation and inhibition were measured in each hemisphere during unilateral dominant, nondominant and bilateral arm activation and after training in each condition.Results-No differences were seen between right and left-handed subjects. Intracortical facilitation and decreased inhibition were seen in each hemisphere with unilateral activation/ training of contralateral muscles and bilateral muscle activation/training. Persistent intracortical inhibition was seen in each hemisphere with ipsilateral muscle activation/training. Inhibition was greater in the nondominant hemisphere during dominant hemisphere activation (dominant arm contraction). Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Conclusion-Strongly NIH Public Access

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Inter- and intra-individual variability of paired-pulse curves with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)

Cited by 170 publications

References 19 publications

The effects of short-term hypoxia on motor cortex excitability and neuromuscular activation

The effects of short-term hypoxia on motor cortex excitability and neuromuscular activation

Transcranial magnetic stimulation in children

Intracortical inhibition and facilitation with unilateral dominant, unilateral nondominant and bilateral movement tasks in left- and right-handed adults

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