Intensive combination chemotherapy, concurrent chest irradiation, and warfarin for the treatment of limited-disease small-cell lung cancer: a Cancer and Leukemia Group B pilot study.

Abstract

These highly encouraging response and survival results compare favorably with any prior CALGB group study. Although they are somewhat more toxic, they are comparable to the best published results. A randomized study that examines the role of warfarin is underway.

Twenty‐five years of clinical research for patients with limited‐stage small cell lung carcinoma in North America

“…In one of four studies, the median survival was longer in the Phase II study than in the Phase III study 60. However, in three of the four studies, the median survival was actually longer in the Phase III study than in the Phase II study 61–63. These four Phase II trials and their corresponding Phase III studies are insufficient to construct a statistically reliable model to determine the success of the Phase III studies based on the Phase II results.…”

“…A statistical model to aid in the selection of chemotherapy regimens for Phase III clinical studies based on Phase II and pilot studies in extensive‐stage SCLC was developed recently 12, 69, 70. For limited‐stage SCLC, only four Phase II studies were identified retrospectively (Table 3), which is insufficient to generate an accurate model 60–63. Due to the inherent differences in the treatments and outcomes of patients with limited‐stage SCLC compared with extensive‐stage SCLC, the model generated from studies of extensive‐stage SCLC is not applicable to limited‐stage SCLC studies.…”

The Role of TAM Family Receptors in Immune Cell Function: Implications for Cancer Therapy

“…Clinical studies in humans have also revealed a positive association between the use of warfarin and reduced cancer incidence as well as increased patient survival. However, these results have only been consistent for prostate cancer [143,144,145,146] and small-cell lung carcinoma [147,148,149,150]. Additionally, these studies have not determined the impact of warfarin on tumor growth and metastasis, and provided no insight into the mechanisms mediating the anti-cancer benefits of vitamin K antagonist therapy.…”

Furanocoumarins

“…Psoralen and 5-methoxypsoralen, two of the major active furanocoumarins present in isolated extract from leaves and other aerial components of the fig tree Ficus Chapter 5 Biomolecules of Therapeutic Interest carica, have shown antiproliferative effects on the human melanoma cell line C32, providing a new perspective in developing new formulations potentially useful in PUVA therapy for the treatment of malignant melanoma and other cutaneous diseases [222]. 4-Hydroxycoumarin has been also described as an effective drug for the treatment of small cell lung cancer, a tumor cell type characterized by a coagulation-associated pathway [223,224]. It has been reported that anticoagulation agents such as heparin and 4-hydroxycoumarin prevent tumor formation by limiting the ability of tumor cells to adhere to the pulmonary microvasculature, a process that occurs during tumor metastasis [225].…”