Twenty‐five years of clinical research for patients with limited‐stage small cell lung carcinoma in North America

Abstract

Expect the unexpected: The reactions of a series of imidazolium pyridinium salts with [{IrCp*Cl2}2] and [{RhCp*Cl2}2] afford a series of complexes. Together with the expected bis(NHC) complexes, some species resulting from CC coupling between the pyridylidene and Cp* ligands were observed (see figure; Cp*=pentamethylcyclopentadienyl).

Nomogram prediction for the survival of the patients with small cell lung cancer

“…Despite the initial response to chemotherapy, most tumors ultimately would develop drug resistance which is associated with the unsatisfied prognosis. Only 10-15% of patients with limited disease (LD) are still alive 2 years after diagnosis, while the overall survival (OS) of patients with extensive disease (ED) is even shorter (2)(3)(4).…”

Combination of HDAC and topoisomerase inhibitors in small cell lung cancer

“…This method involves plotting concentration-effect curves, for each agent and their combination, using the medianeffect equation: fa/fu = (D/Dm)m, where D is the concentration of the drug, Dm is the concentration required for a 50% effect (equivalent to IC 50 ), fa and fu are the affected and unaffected fractions, respectively (fa = 1 -fu) and m is the exponent signifying the sigmoidicity of the concentration-effect curve. The computer software XLfit was used to calculate the values of Dm and m. The CI used for the analysis of the drug combinations was determined by the isobologram equation for mutually nonexclusive drugs that have different modes of action: CI = (D) 1 /(Dx) 1 + (D) 2 /(Dx) 2 + (D) 1 (D) 2 /(Dx) 1 (Dx) 2 , where (Dx) 1 and (Dx) 2 in the denominators are the doses (or concentrations) for D 1 (drug 1) and D 2 (drug 2) alone that gives x% inhibition, whereas (D) 1 and (D) 2 in the numerators are the concentrations of drug 1 and drug 2 in combination that also inhibited x% (i.e., isoeffective). CI < 1, CI = 1 and CI > 1 indicate synergism, additive effects and antagonism, respectively.…”

“…1,2 The tumor has a tendency to disseminate early, so that 80-85% of patients are diagnosed with advanced or extensive disease. 3 Due to its initial chemo-sensitivity, survival improvements have been obtained with conventional chemotherapy such as platinum and etoposide, a topoisomerase II (topo II); 3 nonetheless, most SCLC patients relapse and rarely survive beyond 2 y from time of diagnosis.…”

Defective Expression and DNA Variants of TGFBR2 in Chinese Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

“…About 20% of patients are cured after treatment, and the median survival time is about 18 months. Patients with extensive-stage SCLC have a high response rate to chemotherapy, which is the primary treatment for this disease, but the median survival time is only about 9 months because most patients relapse and the results of salvage therapy are poor (Janne et al, 2002;Demedts et al, 2010). Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) belongs to a large superfamily of cell cytokines, and is an important component of several cellular metabolic pathways.…”