Intelligence and aggression: The role of cognitive control and test related stress

Zajenkowski, Marcin; Zajenkowska, Anna

doi:10.1016/j.paid.2014.12.062

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Stress states were measured with the Dundee Stress State Questionnaire (DSSQ; Matthews et al 2002),specifically the short version (see Matthews and Zeidner 2012) translated into Polish (Zajenkowski and Zajenkowska 2015). The DSSQ measures three factors: task engagement, distress, and worry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive consequences of timeframe bias. On the link between working memory, cognitive switching, and time perspective

Witowska

Zajenkowski

2019

Curr Psychol

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The present study examined how time perspective is associated with working memory updating and cognitive switching. Additionally, stress states and mood as potential mediators of the relationship between time perspective and cognitive performance were analysed. During two sessions participants (n = 200) completed a set of questionnaires measuring time perspective, task-related stress states, and mood. Moreover, in two separate sessions they performed working memory updating and switching tasks. The results indicated that two time perspectives, i.e. Present Fatalism and Past Positive, were associated with updating. Furthermore, mediation analysis showed that positive mood accounted for these relationships. Specifically, Present Fatalism was correlated with low positive mood and in turn, worse working memory scores, whereas Past Positive was associated with high positive mood leading to better performance on the working memory task. None of the time perspective dimensions correlated with cognitive switching. These findings shed more light on the cognitive consequences of timeframe bias and suggest new approaches in research on time perspective and cognitive functioning.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive consequences of timeframe bias. On the link between working memory, cognitive switching, and time perspective

Witowska

Zajenkowski

2019

Curr Psychol

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“…Stress states related to cognitive performance were measured with the Dundee Stress State Questionnaire (DSSQ; Matthews et al, 2002) in the short version (see Matthews & Zeidner, 2012), translated into Polish (Zajenkowski & Zajenkowska, 2015). DSSQ measures three factors: task engagement, distress and worry.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This could be due to emotional response to the process of solving a demanding intellectual test exhibited by individuals with particular personality traits-for example, high neuroticism. The mediating role of test stress in the relationship between personality and cognitive performance has been recently explored by Zajenkowski and Zajenkowska (2015), who sought psychological states that accompanied individuals with high levels of particular personality traits while they were solving an intelligence test. A useful tool in these attempts appeared to be the concept developed by Matthews et al (2002) who proposed a multi-dimensional model of subjective stress state related to cognitive performance.…”

Section: Factors Mediating the Association Between Intelligence And Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They identified three broad factors: task engagement (integrates state constructs that relate to task interest and focus: energetic arousal, motivation and concentration), distress (integrates unpleasant mood and tension with lack of confidence and perceived control) and worry (a cognitive factor primarily composed of self-focused attention, low self-esteem and cognitive interference). It has been shown that stress states may explain the associations between some personality traits (e.g., trait anger) and the score on an IQ test (Zajenkowski & Zajenkowska, 2015).…”

Section: Factors Mediating the Association Between Intelligence And Nmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TP is a relatively stable characteristic describing the way in which an individual partitions the flow of personal experiences into time-bound categories, or time zones, that becomes part of the personality (Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999). Interestingly, both intelligence and time perspective have been shown to correlate with a variety of psychological variables, such as health (Deary & Gottfredson, 2004;Guthrie, Butler & Ward, 2009), gratification delay (Shamosh & Gray, 2008;Stolarski, Bitner & Zimbardo, 2011), aggression (Zimbardo & Boyd, 1999;Zajenkowski & Zajenkowska, 2015), educational outcomes (Alansari, Worrell, Rubie-Davies, & Webber, 2013;Deary, Strand, Smith, & Fernandes, 2007), and job performance (Gottfredson, 1997a;Seijts, 1998), among many others. These similarities prompt the question of whether and how these seemingly distinct constructs are related.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Time to be smart: Uncovering a complex interplay between intelligence and time perspectives

et al. 2016

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Can Judgments of Threat Reflect an Approaching Person’s Trait Aggression?

Satchell¹,

Morris²,

Akehurst

et al. 2017

Curr Psychol

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When in a vulnerable situation (such as walking alone at night), an approaching person may be seen as 'threatening'. Here, we are interested in how well participants' judgments of threat reflected the trait aggression of approaching target people. We use two similar experiments to demonstrate and replicate the relationship between judgments of threat and target aggression.In both studies participants judged how threatening they found 22 approaching people (presented in videos). In Study One, participants judged the targets whilst sitting at a computer. In Study Two, participants were standing and were either oriented facing the videos, or oriented away from the videos so they had to look over their shoulder. This was to emulate a potentially threatening person approaching from behind. Across both studies, there was strong evidence that the average judgments of the threat posed by the approaching targets accurately reflected the targets' trait aggression. It was also found that there was noteworthy variability in individual participants' ability to detect aggression, with a few participants even having an inverse relationship between threat and the target's aggression. This research demonstrates that judgments of how 'threatening' a person is can be used to accurately index trait aggression at a distance.

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Intelligence and aggression: The role of cognitive control and test related stress

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Cognitive consequences of timeframe bias. On the link between working memory, cognitive switching, and time perspective

Cognitive consequences of timeframe bias. On the link between working memory, cognitive switching, and time perspective

Time to be smart: Uncovering a complex interplay between intelligence and time perspectives

Can Judgments of Threat Reflect an Approaching Person’s Trait Aggression?

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