“…In fact, while evidence of a low intelligence quotient (IQ) is still required for a diagnosis of intellectual disability (ID; previously called mental retardation), DSM-5 currently stipulates that the level of ID (i.e., mild, moderate, severe, and profound) should be based on adaptive functioning rather than IQ (American Psychiatry Association, 2013). This reflects the understanding that although cognitive and adaptive functioning is correlated, the capacity to acquire a given skill may be different than the likelihood of actually executing that skill in everyday life (Sparrow and Cicchetti, 1985;Keith et al, 1987;Oakland and Harrison, 2008;Alexander and Reynolds, 2020). For example, multiple studies of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) show that adaptive behavior can be significantly impaired even among individuals with high IQ (Klin et al, 2007;Duncan and Bishop, 2013;Kraper et al, 2017;Meyer et al, 2018).…”