Product innovation has been considered one of the main drivers of value creation, the prerequisite for market success, and often for business survival, particularly in high-tech industries. At this, strategic orientation is seen as the principle directed to achieve superior innovation. Miles and Snow's strategic orientation has been one of the most important and intensively studied typologies throughout the world, even though empirical evidence on its particular propositions is not clear enough. Direct and indirect impact of strategic orientation on product innovation can be influenced by certain environmental and organizational contexts as well as other capabilities, e.g., customer knowledge management (CKM). Studies carried out on strategic typologies and CKM have usually reported mixed results. The purpose of this conceptual paper is to provide a framework to enhance the understanding and to investigate the relationship