Intellectual impairment in patients with epilepsy in Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Sunmonu, Taofiki; Komolafe, Morenikeji; Ogunrin, AO; Oladimeji, B. Y.; Ogunniyi, Adesola

doi:10.1111/j.1600-0404.2008.01054.x

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(68 reference statements)

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“…Profound and/or severe MR in patients with epilepsy were often found to have significantly higher incidence of epilepsy than that of seen in other intelligence levels. It was consistent with findings of previous studies that MR level increases accompanied by increase of the frequency of epilepsy [12]. Another clinical situation that was often associated with mental retardation was CP.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Psychotropic Medication Use in Children and Adolescents with Mental Retardation (MR)

Temtek¹

2015

AJPN

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Abstract:Background: The aim of this study was to assess the medication use in children and adolescents with mental retardation (MR) retrospectively in a cross-sectional study. Method: Between June and December 2013, records of the children and adolescents admitted by our policlinic were retrospectively evaluated and those who had MR diagnosis were analyzed. Results: Male sex was found as statistically related to the presence of psychiatric comorbidity and the pervasive developmental disorders (PDD). At least one medical diagnosis accompanying with MR was found in 49.7% (n=781) of all patients. 79.6% (n=1252) of all patients did not use any medication, 16.7% (n=262) of all sample were using one medication agent, 3.5% (n=55) of patients were using combined pharmacotherapy. The predictors of psychotropic medication were the following: the presence of comorbid any of psychiatric disorders, having attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), having conduct disorders (CD) and having anxiety disorders. Conclusions and Recommendations: This study has a descriptive nature of the children with MR admitted to the child psychiatry department. It was noticed that psychotropic agent use is preferable if there is a comorbid situation in mental retardation. There is a need for further studies with prospectively planned, multi-central with larger sampling in our country to draw up a way of health policies related to the children with MR.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Psychotropic Medication Use in Children and Adolescents with Mental Retardation (MR)

Temtek¹

2015

AJPN

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“…Poor academic performance is also common and this is similar to previous findings among PWE. [17,19] This may be a result of not being regular in school, poor concentration, poor memory, the direct effect of seizure on the brain or a combination of two or more of the above factors. Among those who were asked to withdraw from school, some of them were expelled by the school authorities for fear of infecting other students with their disease or because some parents of those other students threatened to remove their children if the authorities allowed an epileptic child to remain in the school.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…[14] Consequently, unemployment and underemployment are more common among PWE. [12] In addition, studies have shown that epilepsy affects the intellectual abilities of PWE, which may have a negative effect on the overall school performance, [16][17][18][19] and factors associated with poor intelligence include seizure type; [16] seizure frequency, long duration of epilepsy, early age of onset of seizure 17 ; and status epilepticus. [16] In china, epilepsy diminishes the prospect of marriage, especially for women, [20] and in China and India it is commonly viewed as a reason for prohibiting and annulling marriages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social consequences of epilepsy: A study of 231 Nigerian patients

et al. 2010

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“…10,16 Other studies have reported a lower prevalence. 3,11 However, some studies have investigated children and adolescents with mental retardation and so could have missed milder declines in school performance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is similar to findings from some previous studies. [10][11][12] Poor performance may be the cumulative effect of seizures over the years, which may cause direct brain damage with resultant cognitive deficits. In addition, an adolescent who has frequent seizures is more likely to be mocked, to miss school or even to be expelled by the school authority.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poor academic performance among adolescents with epilepsy in Kaduna, Northern Nigeria: A case-control study

et al. 2012

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ARTICLEEpilepsy is the most common severe non-infectious neurological disorder affecting both children and adults, 1 and the majority of sufferers live in developing countries. 2 In children and adolescents epilepsy is associated with impairment in academic performance, 3-7 which may limit future employment opportunities. 8 In Nigeria, studies have linked epilepsy with missing school, dropping out of school and poor academic performance. 4-,11 Factors that predispose a child or adolescent with epilepsy to poor school performance include the age of the child, age of onset of seizures, seizure frequency, 12 type of seizure, IQ of the child, 4 poor memory, inattention, 13 low self-esteem, and psychosocial and sociodemographic factors. 9 The aims and objectives of this study were therefore to assess the academic performance of adolescents with epilepsy in Kaduna and identify factors that may be associated with poor performance in this population in a Northern Nigerian setting. MethodsThe study was carried out in the outpatient clinic of Federal Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Kaduna, North-West, Nigeria. The hospital is a tertiary health institution that receives referrals (mostly psychiatric, but also neurological) from virtually all the states in Northern Nigeria and the Federal Capital Territory Abuja. In this cross-sectional study, the socio-demographic/clinical characteristics of 77 consecutive adolescents (aged 12 -17 years) with epilepsy attending the Child and Adolescent Clinic of the hospital between March 2008 and September 2010 and the socio-demographic characteristics of 76 controls (matched for age and sex) were recorded. Information concerning school attendance (regularity of attendance at school) and academic performance (academic records for the three most recent consecutive terms) of the patients and the controls were obtained from the adolescents and their parents or caregivers. For the purposes of the study, poor academic performance was defined as persistent below-average performance as reported by the informants, or a decline from previous performance since the onset of the illness Results. The mean ages of the subjects and the controls were 15.1 (standard deviation (SD) 2.1) and 14.7 (SD 1.7) years, respectively (p>0.05), the mean duration of illness was 6.1 (SD 4.6) years, the mean seizure-free period was 16.8 (SD 15.6) weeks, and 64.9% of the subjects and 57.9% of the controls were males. Forty-six subjects (59.7%) and 12 controls (15.8%) had poor academic performance (p<0.001). Long duration of illness, short seizure-free periods and irregular school attendance were significantly associated with poor academic performance (p<0.05). Conclusions. Poor academic performance is common among adolescents with epilepsy and is associated with early onset, poor seizure control and missing school. Efforts should be made to control seizures and educate society about the illness.

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Intellectual impairment in patients with epilepsy in Ile-Ife, Nigeria

Cited by 18 publications

References 40 publications

Psychotropic Medication Use in Children and Adolescents with Mental Retardation (MR)

Psychotropic Medication Use in Children and Adolescents with Mental Retardation (MR)

Social consequences of epilepsy: A study of 231 Nigerian patients

Poor academic performance among adolescents with epilepsy in Kaduna, Northern Nigeria: A case-control study

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