Integrative process to extract chlorophyll and purify rosmarinic acid from rosemary leaves (Rosmarinus officialis)

Abstract

BACKGROUND Rosemary leaves have been widely employed in the food and pharmaceutical industry due to the presence of important compounds. However, during the extraction process, in addition to the target biomolecules [chlorophyll (Chl), and rosmarinic acid], other components (phenolic compounds) are also extracted. This work focuses on the development of a sequential and selective protocol for the extraction and concentration of Chl using an aqueous micellar two‐phase system, and extraction and purification of rosmarinic acid using an aqueous two‐phase system (ATPS). RESULTS Firstly, the extraction and purification of Chls were studied. The Chls rich‐extract obtained using the best conditions of aqueous solution of Triton X‐100 (5 wt%) and phosphate buffer (50 mmol L−1), 50 °C solid–liquid ratio was evaluated at 1:100 and 60 min (Chl a = 69.3 ± 1.9 mg 100 g−1; Chl b = 41.1 ± 1.2 mg 100 g−1 and total Chl = 110.5 ± 3.1 mg 100 g−1) were submitted to temperature above cloud point. The Chl b and total Chl were concentrated 3.1 and 1.7 times. Further, the extraction and purification of rosmarinic acid were investigated. Ethanol, methanol, and acetonitrile (80 wt%) at 50°C were investigated; and after extraction, the rosmarinic acid rich‐extract were add in the ATPS composed of organic solvent + tripotassium phosphate (K3PO4). The extraction efficiencies were observed in the top phase (100%) for all systems. The highest purification factor was found using the ATPS based on acetonitrile (50 wt%) + K3PO4 (20 wt%). CONCLUSIONS The sequential protocols to extract Chls and purify rosmarinic acid can be applied. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry

Romero (Rosmarinus officinalis L.): su origen, importancia y generalidades de sus metabolitos secundarios

“…Los principales usos del romero son en cosméticos, saborizantes de comida (Basheer, 2018;Borges et al, 2018), mejoradores de la vida de anaquel en alimentos perecederos (Fidan et al, 2019;Said, Waheed & Khalifa, 2019), estimulantes del crecimiento del cabello, como aroma en la preparación de perfumes y fragancias (Endo et al, 2018), como aditivo para shampoo, crema y jabón (Akhbari, Masoum, Aghababaei & Hamedi, 2018), en colorantes naturales de lociones y enjuagues bucales (Gomes et al, 2020).…”

“…Las aplicaciones del romero se dan principalmente en las industrias: alimenticia, fragancias (Fidan et al, 2019), producción orgánica de peces y caviar (Ebrahimi, Haghjou, Nematollahi & Goudarzian, 2020;Zoral et al, 2018), cosmética (Sadeh et al, 2019), farmacéutica (Benelli & Oliveira, 2019), avícola (Abo, Elsadek, Taha, Abd & El-Sabrout, 2020) y pieles como el cuero (Gomes et al, 2020).…”

“…Su aceite esencial y extractos son antimicrobianos con propiedades antioxidantes (Basheer, 2018), anti-nefrotóxicos, antiinflamatorios, antitumorales, anti-hepatotóxicos (El-Desouky et al, 2019), antihelmínticos (Zoral et al, 2018), anticancerígenos (Karim et al, 2017), antifúngicos (Ebrahimi et al, 2020), insecticidas, antidiabéticos, antimutagénicos, anti-toxigénicos (Nieto et al, 2018), citotóxicos, analgésicos, herbicidas, hipoglucémicos, hipolipemiantes (Karadağ et al, 2019), antiartríticos (Beltrán et al, 2017), antidepresivos, antiobesidad, neuroprotectores (Hamidpour, Hamidpour & Elias, 2017), antihiperglucémicos, antihiperlipidémicos (Ali et al, 2019), antidiarreicos (Selmi, Rtibi, Grami, Sebai & Marzouki, 2017) e inhibidoreres de la germinación de semillas (Sadeh et al, 2019), efecto inhibidor contra el VIH (Barbieri et al, 2019), vasorrelajantes (Zhang et al, 2019), antivirales (Sumintarti et al, 2018), antitrombóticos (Elyemni et al, 2019), hipouricémicos, proapoptóticos (de Oliveira et al, 2019), anti-infecciosos, espasmolíticos (Gomes et al, 2020), entre otros más.…”

“…Conservador de alimentos preparados. (Ali et al, 2019) (de Oliveira et al, 2019) (Gomes et al, 2020.…”

“…Borges et al, 2018) (Karadağ et al, 2019) (Ali et al, 2019) (Kowalski et al, 2018) (Sadeh et al, 2019) (Elbahnasawy et al, 2019) (Elyemni et al, Borges et al, 2018) (Ebrahimi et al, 2020) (Ali et al, 2019) (Kowalski et al, 2018) (Ferreira et al, 2020) (Elbahnasawy et al, 2019) (Abbaszadeh et al, el control y tratamiento de la caspa (Borges et al, 2018) (Karim et al, 2017) (Ebrahimi et al, 2020) (Ali et al, 2019) (Selmi et al, 2017) (Kowalski et al, 2018) (Sadeh et al, 2019) (Ferreira et al, 2020) (Sumintarti et al, 2018) (Elbahnasawy et al, 2019) (Gomes et al, 2020) (Ahsaei et al, 2019) (Trupti & Gadekar, 2018 (Beltrán et al, 2017) (Benelli & Oliveira, 2019) (Ali et al, 2019) (Sumintarti et al, 2018) (de Oliveira et al, 2019 (Gomes et al, 2020)…”