Integration of Streamline Simulation and Automatic History Matching

Maschio, Célio; Schiozer, Denis José

doi:10.2118/89850-ms

“…Automatic or assisted history matching has been a popular topic of discussion lately 10,11,12,13 but the concept has been around for more than 35 14 years. The main purpose of these approaches is to let the computer do the arduous task of matching the simulation model calculated results to the field-observed results.…”

Section: Automatic History Matchingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reservoir Simulation and Reserves Classifications-Guidelines for Reviewing Model History Matches To Help Bridge the Gap Between Evaluators and Simulation Specialists

Rietz¹,

Usmani²

2005

Proceedings of SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

TX 75083-3836, U.S.A., fax 01-972-952-9435. AbstractAs the scrutiny on oil and gas reserves continues to increase, the subject of evaluating reservoir simulation models has come to the forefront. Regulatory bodies, such as the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, do not provide detailed criteria on the use of reservoir simulation models in the reserves estimation process, other than their stated position that the model must have a "good history match". A great deal of high quality, highly technical research has been conducted in the field of history matching and of late in "automatic" history matching, and the paper reviews some of this research. While much of this research is useful, it is not clear that any particular quantitative assessment can be made of history match quality, or if such a method really helps to understand the applicability of the history matched model. It is easy to understand why reservoir simulation specialists and reserves estimators may be at odds as to the use and utility of a particular model. It is well recognized that, in general, only a limited amount of time is available to review models; thus, only a fraction of the time devoted to the original model construction can usually be devoted to the review process.The authors have been on both sides of this dilemma, and this paper is intended to provide some suggestions for a systematic review of models (for whatever ultimate use) and start a dialogue to discuss how history matches should be evaluated with respect to reserves. It is noted that, for the most part, model reviews do not need to address whether a model is "perfect" overall, rather a review should address whether a model is fit for a particular purpose. The authors propose that the applicability of the model, and the quality of the history match can always be qualitatively assessed if one views the model as an analogy for a particular property. Therefore, the "analogy" approach suggested by the authors provides a specific methodology for incorporating simulation model results in the reserves estimation process.

show abstract

“…The updated masses and saturations at the end of the time step are mapped back to the original grid. Nowadays streamline simulation is used in a range of applications that includes history matching (Emanuel and Milliken 1998;Maschio and Schiozer 2004;Cheng et al 2007;Stenerud et al 2008;Gross et al 2004;Fenwick et al 2005), quantification of uncertainties (Christie et al 2002;Ligero et al 2003), flood surveillance (Batycky et al 2008), CO 2 storage (Qi et al 2007), compositional simulation (Thiele et al 1997;Osako and Datta-Gupta 2007), and dual porosity modeling of fractured reservoirs (Di Donato et al 2004;Kozlova et al, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Streamline Simulation with Compressibility and Spatial and Dynamic Variation in Oil Composition

Beraldo

¹

2008

All Days

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are several oil fields offshore Brazil with horizontal oil density variations. API tracking, that is available in some commercial finite difference simulators, can deal with such cases by allowing definition of an initial oil gravity distribution and tracking variations of oil density, due to the movement of oil.Streamline-based simulators can be much faster than conventional finite difference simulators when applied to large and heterogeneous models. However, this approach is most accurate and efficient when it is assumed that the rock and fluids are incompressible. In previous work , an incompressible formulation for streamline simulation with an API Tracking option using two components in the oleic phase was presented.This paper presents a compressible formulation for streamlines that also considers API tracking. It extends the work of Cheng et al. (2006) and Osako and Datta-Gupta (2007) by consistently accounting for flux of mass and volume along streamlines. It was described how mass and volume can be mapped between the underlying grid and streamlines to minimize mass balance errors and how consideration of cumulative volume in a streamline can substitute for time-of-flight (Beraldo 2008).The method was implemented in a three-dimensional two-phase streamline-based simulator. Tests based on a Brazilian oilfield model and on the SPE10th Comparative Case demonstrate that the implementation can reproduce the results of a conventional simulator, while being substantially faster for finely-resolved models, even when compressibility is significant.

show abstract

Compressible Streamline-Based Simulation With Changes in Oil Composition

Beraldo

¹

,

Blunt

²

,

Schiozer

³

2008

All Days

6

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There are several oil fields offshore Brazil with horizontal oil density variations. API tracking, that is available in some commercial finite difference simulators, can deal with such cases by allowing definition of an initial oil gravity distribution and tracking variations of oil density, due to the movement of oil. Streamline-based simulators can be much faster than conventional finite difference simulators when applied to large and heterogeneous models. However, this approach is most accurate and efficient when it is assumed that the rock and fluids are incompressible. In previous work (Beraldo et al, 2007), we presented an incompressible formulation for streamline simulation with an API Tracking option using two components in the oleic phase. This paper presents a compressible formulation for streamlines that also considers API tracking. It extends the work of Cheng et al. (2006) and Osako and Datta-Gupta (2007) by consistently accounting for flux of mass and volume along streamlines. We describe how mass and volume can be mapped between the underlying grid and streamlines to minimize mass balance errors and how consideration of cumulative volume in a streamline can substitute for time-of-flight. The method was implemented in a three-dimensional two-phase streamline-based simulator. Tests based on a Brazilian oilfield model and on the SPE10th Comparative Case demonstrate that the implementation can reproduce the results of a conventional simulator, while being substantially faster for finely-resolved models, even when compressibility is significant. Introduction Streamline simulation is based on decoupling the pressure solution from the saturation solution, as is done in the conventional IMPES method (Fig. 1). The description of the principles of streamline simulation can be found in several papers (Batycky et al. 1997; Thiele et al. 1997; Thiele 2003; Samier et al. 2002). Pollock's method (Pollock 1988) is used to trace streamlines and transport along each streamline is solved independently. The updated masses and saturations at the end of the time step are mapped back to the original grid. Nowadays streamline simulation is used in a range of applications that includes history matching (Emanuel and Milliken 1998; Maschio and Schiozer 2004; Cheng et al. 2007; Stenerud et al. 2008; Gross et al. 2004; Fenwick et al. 2005), quantification of uncertainties (Christie et al. 2002; Ligero et al. 2003), flood surveillance (Batycky et al. 2008), CO2 storage (Qi et al. 2007), compositional simulation (Thiele et al. 1997; Osako and Datta-Gupta 2007), and dual porosity modeling of fractured reservoirs (Di Donato et al. 2004; Kozlova et al., 2006). Many reservoirs have compositional oil variations in both the vertical and horizontal directions (Behrenbruch et al. 1995; Pádua 1997, 1999; Wenger et al. 2002; Gibson et al. 2006). Fig. 2 shows a representation of this kind of reservoir. In a previous paper, a 3D incompressible streamline simulator was modified to incorporate an API Tracking option by considering two components in the oleic phase (Beraldo et al. 2007). The results showed that API tracking can be used with streamline simulators, with all the advantages of this kind of simulation, including reduced run time, while giving similar results to gridbased codes. To apply streamline method as a substitute for conventional finite difference simulators, it is necessary to accommodate the effects of compressibility. Despite several studies in this area (Thiele et al. 1997; Cheng et al 2005; Kozlova et al. 2006; Ingebrigtsen et al. 1999; Osako and Datta-Gupta, 2007), most present practical applications are still based on the assumption of incompressibility or rate-controlled wells. To extend streamline simulation with oil composition variation to compressible cases, a formulation similar to the one proposed by Cheng et al. (2006) and Osako and Datta-Gupta (2007) has been used. As we show later, the overall results were in good agreement with those from a commercial finite difference simulator, while being more computationally efficient for finely-resolved models.

show abstract

Integration of Streamline Simulation and Automatic History Matching

Cited by 11 publications

References 20 publications

Reservoir Simulation and Reserves Classifications-Guidelines for Reviewing Model History Matches To Help Bridge the Gap Between Evaluators and Simulation Specialists

Reservoir Simulation and Reserves Classifications-Guidelines for Reviewing Model History Matches To Help Bridge the Gap Between Evaluators and Simulation Specialists

Streamline Simulation with Compressibility and Spatial and Dynamic Variation in Oil Composition

Compressible Streamline-Based Simulation With Changes in Oil Composition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About