Integration of fluorescence collection optics with a microfabricated surface electrode ion trap

Brady, Gregory R.; Ellis, A. Robert; Moehring, D. L.; Stick, Daniel Lynn; Highstrete, Clark; Fortier, Kevin; Blain, Matthew G.; Haltli, Raymond A.; Cruz-Cabrera, Alvaro Augusto; Briggs, Ronald D.; Wendt, Joel R.; Carter, T. R.; Samora, S.; Kemme, Shanalyn A.

doi:10.1007/s00340-011-4453-z

Cited by 37 publications

(46 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…As a solution, dielectric mirrors are either placed far away from the trap [6][7][8][9][10] or the dielectric components are well shielded. 16,25,26,57,58 Therefore, when integrating a FFPC into an ion trap, the following restrictions should be respected: the ion-trap potential should be as deep as possible, and the trap geometry should be such that it shields the ion from any charges on the fibers. Furthermore, exposure of the fibers to UV light should be minimized in order to keep them from accumulating charges.…”

Section: A Experimental Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated fiber-mirror ion trap for strong ion-cavity coupling

Brandstätter

McClung

Schüppert

et al. 2013

Review of Scientific Instruments

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We present and characterize fiber mirrors and a miniaturized ion-trap design developed to integrate a fiber-based Fabry-Perot cavity (FFPC) with a linear Paul trap for use in cavity-QED experiments with trapped ions. Our fiber-mirror fabrication process not only enables the construction of FFPCs with small mode volumes, but also allows us to minimize the influence of the dielectric fiber mirrors on the trapped-ion pseudopotential. We discuss the effect of clipping losses for long FFPCs and the effect of angular and lateral displacements on the coupling efficiencies between cavity and fiber. Optical profilometry allows us to determine the radii of curvature and ellipticities of the fiber mirrors. From finesse measurements, we infer a single-atom cooperativity of up to 12 for FFPCs longer than 200 μm in length; comparison to cavities constructed with reference substrate mirrors produced in the same coating run indicates that our FFPCs have similar scattering losses. We characterize the birefringence of our fiber mirrors, finding that careful fiber-mirror selection enables us to construct FFPCs with degenerate polarization modes. As FFPCs are novel devices, we describe procedures developed for handling, aligning, and cleaning them. We discuss experiments to anneal fiber mirrors and explore the influence of the atmosphere under which annealing occurs on coating losses, finding that annealing under vacuum increases the losses for our reference substrate mirrors. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements indicate that these losses may be attributable to oxygen depletion in the mirror coating. Special design considerations enable us to introduce a FFPC into a trapped ion setup. Our unique linear Paul trap design provides clearance for such a cavity and is miniaturized to shield trapped ions from the dielectric fiber mirrors. We numerically calculate the trap potential in the absence of fibers. In the experiment additional electrodes can be used to compensate distortions of the potential due to the fibers. Home-built fiber feedthroughs connect the FFPC to external optics, and an integrated nanopositioning system affords the possibility of retracting or realigning the cavity without breaking vacuum.

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Section: A Experimental Design Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrated fiber-mirror ion trap for strong ion-cavity coupling

Brandstätter

McClung

Schüppert

et al. 2013

Review of Scientific Instruments

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“…Van Devender et al [86] were first to demonstrate an embedded optical fiber; they collected fluorescence from an ion trapped above the surface through an integrated multi-mode fiber. Brady et al [95] created an ion trap chip incorporating an array of optical fibers and confirmed ion trapping and preliminary light detection with their system, establishing a proof of concept for a large fiber array trap architecture. Following this work on light collection, Kim et al [45] demonstrated light delivery through an integrated single-mode (SM) fiber.…”

Section: Laser Delivery Via Integrated Optical Fibermentioning

confidence: 91%

Technologies for trapped-ion quantum information systems

Eltony

Gangloff

Shi

et al. 2016

Quantum Inf Process

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Scaling up from prototype systems to dense arrays of ions on chip, or vast networks of ions connected by photonic channels, will require developing entirely new technologies that combine miniaturized ion trapping systems with devices to capture, transmit, and detect light, while refining how ions are confined and controlled. Building a cohesive ion system from such diverse parts involves many challenges, including navigating materials incompatibilities and undesired coupling between elements. Here, we review our recent efforts to create scalable ion systems incorporating unconventional materials such as graphene and indium tin oxide, integrating devices like optical fibers and mirrors, and exploring alternative ion loading and trapping techniques.

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“…In particular, it can be shown that the equilibrium solution of (23), u(τ ) = 0, is stable if and only if the zero vector u 0 = 0, is stable under successive applications of U(T ) [5,6]. 3 If there is a vector v such that [U(T )] m v for m = 1, 2, . .…”

Section: Periodic Systems and Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] Since the electrodes all lie in a single plane, these traps can be constructed using VLSI microfabrication, which offers great scalability and potential to be integrated with other useful on-chip components such as mirrors, fiber ferrules, and cavities. The ions trapped by a surface trap are cooled by laser beams that are commonly aligned parallel to the trap surface.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stability analysis of ion motion in asymmetric planar ion traps

Shaikh

Ozakin

2012

Journal of Applied Physics

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Motivated by recent developments in ion trap design and fabrication, we investigate the stability of ion motion in asymmetrical, planar versions of the classic Paul trap. The equations of motion of an ion in such a trap are generally coupled due to a nonzero relative angle θ between the principal axes of RF and DC fields, invalidating the assumptions behind the standard stability analysis for symmetric Paul traps. We obtain stability diagrams for the coupled system for various values of θ, generalizing the standard q-a stability diagrams. We use multi-scale perturbation theory to obtain approximate formulas for the boundaries of the primary stability region and obtain some of the stability boundaries independently by using the method of infinite determinants. We cross-check the consistency of the results of these methods.Our results show that while the primary stability region is quite robust to changes in θ, a secondary stability region is highly variable, joining the primary stability region at the special case of θ = 45• , which results in a significantly enlarged stability region for this particular angle.We conclude that while the stability diagrams for classical, symmetric Paul traps are not entirely accurate for asymmetric surface traps (or for other types of traps with a relative angle between the RF and DC axes), they are "safe" in the sense that operating conditions deemed stable according to standard stability plots are in fact stable for asymmetric traps, as well. By ignoring the coupling in the equations, one only underestimates the size of the primary stability region.

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Integration of fluorescence collection optics with a microfabricated surface electrode ion trap

Cited by 37 publications

References 15 publications

Integrated fiber-mirror ion trap for strong ion-cavity coupling

Integrated fiber-mirror ion trap for strong ion-cavity coupling

Technologies for trapped-ion quantum information systems

Stability analysis of ion motion in asymmetric planar ion traps

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