Integration of EVs into the smart grid: a systematic literature review

Abstract

Integration of electric vehicles (EVs) into the smart grid has attracted considerable interest from researchers, governments, and private companies alike. Such integration may bring problems if not conducted well, but EVs can be also used by utilities and other industry stakeholders to enable the smart grid. This paper presents a systematic literature review of the topic and offer a research framework to guide future research and enrich the body of knowledge. The systematic literature review presented in this paper does not contain all the material available on this subject. It does, however, include most of the key publications readily available in a power-utility or technical-reference library together with some of the earlier papers in the field (the anchor papers). For this review, we selected appropriate digital sources (digital libraries and indexing systems; IEEE Xplore and Web of Science), determined the search terms, and conducted a broad automated search. This article also details the components of the research theme—EV integration into the smart grid—as well as its accompanying use cases. The analysis of the relevant papers indicated four types of key research concerns: power-grid, power-system, and smart-grid reliability and the impacts of changes on them. These results can help guide future research to further smart-grid development. Future research can also expand the reach of this research to address its limitations in scope and depth.

Integration of Electric Vehicles (EVs) with Electrical Grid and Impact on Smart Charging

“…In conclusion, this study shows how smart charging could completely change how electric cars (EVs) are connected to the power grid. Smart charging improves grid operations, lowers peak demand, and adds green energy sources without problems (Sultan et al, 2022;Barman et al, 2023). The report recognizes the economic difficulties but predicts that smart charging infrastructure will become competitive as technology advances and economies of scale are realized (Wu et al, 2022).…”

Enhancing Microgrid Operation Through Electric Vehicle Integration: A Survey

“…1) POWER QUALITY ISSUES Charging multiple EVs simultaneously results in a change in the overall MG load profile. This change in the load profile has a significant effect that results in the degradation of MG performance, that is, voltage deviations, poor power quality, and even total blackouts in some cases [40]. It is also projected that increasing EV penetration into MG systems will affect the voltage profile, prompting undesirable peaks in power usage within the MG, resulting in power quality issues, such as total harmonic distortion, voltage imbalance, and voltage sags [41].…”

Comprehensive Review of Electric Vehicle Technology and Its Impacts: Detailed Investigation of Charging Infrastructure, Power Management, and Control Techniques

“…Improper utilization of EVs adversely affects the voltage and frequency stability of the grid. However, various alternative technologies and approaches are reported in the literature for the integration of EVs into the grid [149,150]. These approaches include distributed energy resources (DERs), demand response, EV charging management, co-ordinated EV charging, smart charging, vehicle-to-grid technology, etc.…”